PurposeThe primary aims of this study were to examine the effects of 9 weeks of aerobic training, comprising three 30‐min sessions per week, on V̇O2max, inhibitory control, and plasma brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels among adolescents aged 16–19 years.MethodsOne hundred twenty‐one untrained or recreationally active adolescents from a Danish high school were enrolled in the study, with 58 females (17.8 ± 0.8 years) and 27 males (18.0 ± 0.9 years) completing it. Participants were randomly divided into three groups performing aerobic training at either moderate‐intensity (MIT: 60%–70% heart rate reserve [HRR]) or high‐intensity (HIT: 80%–100% HRR) or a passive control group (CON) continuing their habitual lifestyle. Both the training groups exercised for 3×30 min per week for 9 weeks using a combination of cycling and running. Before and after the intervention period maximal oxygen uptake (V̇O2max) and the primary outcomes (inhibitory control measured by a modified flanker task, and resting plasma levels of BDNF) were evaluated.ResultsAfter the intervention period, the HIT group demonstrated a larger increase in V̇O2max compared to both the CON and MIT groups, while no significant effects were observed on inhibitory control or plasma BDNF levels in any training group. However, compared to the CON group, the HIT group exhibited a tendency for greater improvement in the flanker interference score (accuracy), attributable to enhanced accuracy on the incongruent stimuli from pre to post.ConclusionAerobic training in adolescents increased cardiorespiratory fitness in an intensity‐dependent manner, but no clear effects were observed on neither inhibitory control nor resting plasma BDNF levels.Clinical Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02075944.

中文翻译：

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9 周高强度或中等强度训练对丹麦青少年心肺健康、抑制控制和血浆脑源性神经营养因子的影响——一项随机对照试验


目的本研究的主要目的是检查 9 周有氧训练（每周 3 次每次 30 分钟的训练）对 V̇O 的影响。最多2次、抑制控制和 16-19 岁青少年血浆脑源性神经营养因子 (BDNF) 水平。方法来自丹麦高中的 121 名未经训练或娱乐活跃的青少年参加了这项研究，其中 58 名女性 (17.8 ± 0.8 岁）和 27 名男性（18.0 ± 0.9 岁）完成了这项任务。参与者被随机分为三组，进行中等强度（MIT：60％–70％心率储备[HRR]）或高强度（HIT：80％–100％HRR）或被动对照组（ CON）继续他们习惯的生活方式。两个训练组都采用骑自行车和跑步相结合的方式每周锻炼 3×30 分钟，持续 9 周。干预期前后最大摄氧量（V̇O最多2次）和主要结局（通过改良的侧翼任务测量的抑制控制，以及 BDNF 的静息血浆水平）进行了评估。结果干预期后，HIT 组表现出 V̇O 更大的增加最多2次与 CON 组和 MIT 组相比，在任何训练组中均未观察到对抑制对照或血浆 BDNF 水平的显着影响。然而，与 CON 组相比，HIT 组在侧翼干扰评分（准确性）方面表现出更大的改善趋势，这归因于前后不一致刺激的准确性的提高。结论青少年有氧训练以一定强度增加了心肺健康。依赖的方式，但没有观察到对抑制对照和静息血浆 BDNF 水平的明显影响。临床试验注册临床试验网：NCT02075944。