The general study of the ontology of quantum field theories (QFTs) concerns whether particles or fields are more fundamental. Both views are well-motivated, although each is subject to some serious criticism. Given that the current versions of the particle interpretation and the field interpretation are not satisfying, I propose a mixed ontology of particles and fields in the framework of QFT. I argue that the ontological question should focus on how to view particles and fields consistently in QFT, provided that they are the natural candidates for the ontology of QFT. In particular, based on this reading, I adopt a functionalist reading of ontology and defend a mixed ontology of QFT. I address a paradigmatic case of the mixed ontology approach: a particle/field duality defined in terms of functional equivalence between particles and fields. Functionalism about ontology provides new insight into resolving the problem of unitarily inequivalent representations, which is one of the major interpretational issues of QFT.

量子场论（QFT）本体论的一般研究关注的是粒子还是场更基本。这两种观点都有充分的理由，尽管每种观点都受到了一些严厉的批评。鉴于当前版本的粒子解释和场解释并不令人满意，我提出了QFT框架下的粒子和场的混合本体。我认为本体论问题应该集中在如何在 QFT 中一致地看待粒子和场，前提是它们是 QFT 本体论的自然候选者。特别是，基于这种解读，我采用了本体论的功能主义解读，并捍卫了 QFT 的混合本体。我提出了混合本体论方法的一个典型案例：根据粒子和场之间的功能等价性定义的粒子/场二元性。关于本体论的功能主义为解决统一不等价表示问题提供了新的见解，这是QFT的主要解释问题之一。