The objective of this research was to determine the effects of mid-gestational maternal inflammation on performance, carcass characteristics, and meat quality of offspring. Pregnant gilts were administered either lipopolysaccharide (LPS; n = 7) or saline (CON, n = 7) from days 70 to 84 of gestation. Gilts assigned to the LPS treatment were administered an intravenous injection of reconstituted LPS every other day with a beginning dose of 10 μg LPS/kg body weight and subsequent doses increasing by 12%, while CON gilts received intravenous injections of comparable volumes of saline. Gilts farrowed naturally, and at day 66 of age, a total of 59 pigs, both barrows and gilts began a 3-phase feeding regimen designed to meet or exceed nutrient requirements for growing-finishing pigs. Pigs were weighed on days 0, 35, 70, and 105 of the finishing trial to determine average daily gain, average daily feed intake, and gain-to-feed ratio (G:F). On day 106, pigs were slaughtered under the supervision of the U.S. Department of Agriculture Food Safety Inspection Service. Ending live weight, hot carcass weight, and dressing percentage were determined. The left side of carcasses was weighed and fabricated to determine carcass cutting yields. The semitendinosus was collected for histological samples. Fresh belly characteristics and loin quality were measured. Two chops were collected for Warner–Bratzler shear force and proximate analysis. No differences (P ≥ 0.13) between LPS and CON pigs were observed for growth performance in phases 1, 2, 3, or overall (days 0 to 105) performance with the exception of overall G:F reduced in CON pigs compared with LPS pigs (P = 0.03). There was a tendency for carcass yield to be reduced (P = 0.06; 0.82% units) in LPS pigs compared with CON pigs. Additionally, longissimus muscle area tended to be reduced (P = 0.10) 2.27 cm2 in LPS compared with CON pigs. Loin chop quality traits including instrumental color, subjective color, marbling, firmness, pH, and drip loss were not different (P ≥ 0.09) between LPS and CON pigs. Fresh belly characteristics were not different (P ≥ 0.22) between LPS and CON pigs. There were no differences in primal and subprimal weights, except that LPS pigs tended to have a reduction (P ≥ 0.07) in tenderloin and Canadian back weights compared with CON pigs. Furthermore, LPS pigs had no differences (P ≥ 0.25) in muscle fiber composition or size; however, LPS pigs tended (P = 0.10) to have a 13% reduction in estimated muscle fibers number compared with CON pigs. In summary, mid-gestational inflammation did not result in reduced meat quality, growth performance, or carcass yields of offspring.

中文翻译：

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母体炎症对子代猪生长性能、胴体特性和肉质的影响


本研究的目的是确定孕中期母体炎症对后代生产性能、胴体特征和肉质的影响。妊娠后备母猪在妊娠第 70 至 84 天给予脂多糖 （LPS;n = 7） 或生理盐水 （CON，n = 7）。分配给 LPS 治疗的后备母猪每隔一天静脉注射重组的 LPS，起始剂量为 10 μg LPS/kg 体重，随后剂量增加 12%，而 CON 后备母猪接受类似体积盐水的静脉注射。后备母猪自然分娩，在 66 日龄时，共有 59 头猪，包括后备母猪和后备母猪，开始了 3 阶段饲喂方案，旨在满足或超过生长育肥猪的营养需求。在育肥试验的第 0 天、第 35 天、第 70 天和第 105 天对猪进行称重，以确定平均日增重、平均日采食量和增重与饲料比 （G：F）。第 106 天，在美国农业部食品安全检验局的监督下屠宰猪。测定终头实重、热胴体重量和修整百分比。对胴体的左侧进行称重和制造，以确定胴体切割产量。收集半腱肌用于组织学样本。测量新鲜猪肚特性和腰肉质量。收集了两个 chops 用于 Warner-Bratzler 剪切力和近似分析。除了与 LPS 猪相比，CON 猪的总体 G：F 降低 （P = 0.03） 外，未观察到 LPS 和 CON 猪在第 1、2、3 阶段或总体 （第 0 至 105 天） 性能的生长性能差异 （P ≥ 0.13）。与 CON 猪相比，LPS 猪的胴体产量有降低的趋势（P = 0.06;0.82% 单位）。 此外，与 CON 猪相比，LPS 的最长肌面积趋于减少 （P = 0.10） 2.27 cm2。LPS 和 CON 猪的猪腰排质量性状包括仪器颜色、主观颜色、大理石花纹、硬度、pH 值和滴水损失没有差异 （P ≥ 0.09）。LPS 和 CON 猪的新鲜腹部特征没有差异 （P ≥ 0.22）。初生重和次初生重没有差异，除了与 CON 猪相比，LPS 猪的里脊肉和加拿大背重往往减少 （P ≥ 0.07）。此外，LPS 猪在肌纤维组成或大小方面没有差异 （P ≥ 0.25）;然而，与 CON 猪相比，LPS 猪的估计肌肉纤维数量往往 （P = 0.10） 减少了 13%。总之，妊娠中期炎症不会导致后代的肉质、生长性能或胴体产量下降。