Soybean meal is known to be able to cause intestinal damage and dysfunction in early-weaned piglets. However, research on natural compounds that can alleviate these effects is scarce. In this study, the effect of luteolin, a flavonoid natural plant polyphenol, on intestinal health of piglets fed on soybean meal based diet was explored. A total of eighteen 21-day-old piglets were selected and randomly divided into three groups: a negative control group fed with an animal protein-based diet, a positive control group fed with a soybean meal -based diet, and a luteolin group that was fed with the positive control diet supplemented with luteolin. The results suggested that luteolin supplementation significantly increased the average daily gain (ADG) and average daily feed intake (ADFI) of early-weaned piglets, while effectively reducing the diarrhea incidence. Additionally, luteolin supplementation lowered the levels of soybean antigen-specific IgG and IgE anitbodies, increased the superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in both sera and small intestine mucosa, and enhanced the total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) in sera. Further research found that luteolin supplementation increased the intestinal villi height and decreased the crypt depth, resulting in an increased ratio of villi to crypts. At the same time, it reduced the concentration of serum diamine oxidase (DAO), improving intestinal barrier function. Moreover, luteolin significantly decreased the gene expression of Bax and Caspase-3, reducing cell apoptosis in the intestinal mucosa. Luteolin supplementation also increased the abundance of Actinobacteria at the phylum level, reduced the abundance of Prevotella and increased the abundance of Olsenella at the genus level. In conclusion, the supplementation of luteolin to the soybean meal diet was capable of effectively reducing allergic response, enhancing the antioxidant capacity of early-weaned piglets, protecting their intestinal barrier function, inhibiting intestinal mucosal cell apoptosis, and altering the intestinal microbiota structure, therefore promoting intestinal health and improving production performance in early-weaned piglets.

中文翻译：

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木犀草素是一种黄酮类天然植物多酚，对豆粕引起的早期断奶仔猪肠道损伤具有保护作用


已知豆粕会导致早期断奶仔猪肠道损伤和功能障碍。然而，对能够减轻这些影响的天然化合物的研究很少。在本研究中，探讨了木犀草素（一种黄酮类天然植物多酚）对以豆粕为主的日粮喂养的仔猪肠道健康的影响。选取21日龄仔猪18只，随机分为三组：阴性对照组饲喂动物蛋白日粮、阳性对照组饲喂豆粕日粮、木犀草素组饲喂补充有木犀草素的阳性对照饮食。结果表明，补充木犀草素显着提高了早期断奶仔猪的平均日增重（ADG）和平均日采食量（ADFI），同时有效降低了腹泻发生率。此外，补充木犀草素可降低大豆抗原特异性 IgG 和 IgE 抗体的水平，增加血清和小肠粘膜中的超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD) 活性，并增强血清中的总抗氧化能力 (T-AOC)。进一步的研究发现，补充木犀草素会增加肠绒毛高度并降低隐窝深度，从而导致绒毛与隐窝的比例增加。同时降低血清二胺氧化酶（DAO）浓度，改善肠道屏障功能。此外，木犀草素显着降低 Bax 和 Caspase-3 的基因表达，减少肠粘膜细胞凋亡。补充木犀草素还增加了门水平上放线菌的丰度，减少了普雷沃氏菌的丰度，并增加了属水平上奥尔森氏菌的丰度。 综上所述，在豆粕日粮中添加木犀草素能够有效减轻过敏反应，增强早期断奶仔猪的抗氧化能力，保护其肠道屏障功能，抑制肠黏膜细胞凋亡，改变肠道菌群结构，因此，促进早期断奶仔猪的肠道健康并提高生产性能。