Assembly and comparative analyses of the Geosiphon pyriformis metagenome,Environmental Microbiology

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Assembly and comparative analyses of the Geosiphon pyriformis metagenome
Environmental Microbiology ( IF 4.3 ) Pub Date : 2024-07-26 , DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.16681
Essam Sorwar ₁ , Jordana Inacio Nascimento Oliveira ₁ , Mathu Malar C ₁ , Manuela Krüger ₂ , Nicolas Corradi ₁

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Geosiphon pyriformis, a representative of the fungal sub‐phylum Glomeromycotina, is unique in its endosymbiosis with cyanobacteria within a fungal cell. This symbiotic relationship occurs in bladders containing nuclei of G. pyriformis, Mollicutes‐like bacterial endosymbionts (MRE), and photosynthetically active and dividing cells of Nostoc punctiforme. Recent genome analyses have shed light on the biology of G. pyriformis, but the genome content and biology of its endosymbionts remain unexplored. To fill this gap, we gathered and examined metagenomic data from the bladders of G. pyriformis, where N. punctiforme and MRE are located. This ensures that our analyses are focused on the organs directly involved in the symbiosis. By comparing this data with the genetic information of related cyanobacteria and MREs from other species of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi, we aimed to reveal the genetic content of these organisms and understand how they interact at a genetic level to establish a symbiotic relationship. Our analyses uncovered significant gene expansions in the Nostoc endosymbiont, particularly in mobile elements and genes potentially involved in xenobiotic degradation. We also confirmed that the MRE of Glomeromycotina are monophyletic and possess a highly streamlined genome. These genomes show dramatic differences in both structure and content, including the presence of enzymes involved in environmental sensing and stress response.

中文翻译：

梨状地管虫宏基因组的组装和比较分析

梨形土虹吸管是真菌亚门球囊菌亚门的代表，其独特之处在于其在真菌细胞内与蓝细菌的内共生。这种共生关系发生在含有细胞核的膀胱中梨状棉兰、类软体细菌内共生体（MRE）以及具有光合活性和分裂细胞的点状发菜。最近的基因组分析揭示了梨状棉兰，但其内共生体的基因组内容和生物学仍未被探索。为了填补这一空白，我们收集并检查了膀胱的宏基因组数据梨状棉兰，在哪里点状猪笼草和 MRE 位于。这确保了我们的分析集中于直接参与共生的器官。通过将这些数据与来自其他丛枝菌根真菌物种的相关蓝藻和 MRE 的遗传信息进行比较，我们的目的是揭示这些生物的遗传内容，并了解它们如何在遗传水平上相互作用以建立共生关系。我们的分析发现了显着的基因扩展发菜内共生体，特别是可能参与外源物降解的移动元件和基因。我们还确认了 MRE球菌亚门是单系的并且拥有高度精简的基因组。这些基因组在结构和内容上都显示出巨大的差异，包括参与环境感知和应激反应的酶的存在。

更新日期：2024-07-26

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