Experimental Validation of Enhanced Information Capacity by Quantum Switch in Accordance with Thermodynamic Laws,Physical Review Letters

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Experimental Validation of Enhanced Information Capacity by Quantum Switch in Accordance with Thermodynamic Laws
Physical Review Letters ( IF 8.1 ) Pub Date : 2024-07-26 , DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.133.040401
Cheng Xi _{1,

2} , Xiangjing Liu ₁ , Hongfeng Liu ₁ , Keyi Huang ₃ , Xinyue Long _{1,

4} , Daniel Ebler _{5,

6} , Xinfang Nie _{1,

4} , Oscar Dahlsten _{1,

2,

3,

7} , Dawei Lu _{1,

3,

4,

8}

Affiliation

We experimentally probe the interplay of the quantum switch with the laws of thermodynamics. The quantum switch places two channels in a superposition of orders and may be applied to thermalizing channels. Quantum-switching thermal channels has been shown to give apparent violations of the second law. Central to these apparent violations is how quantum switching channels can increase the capacity to communicate information. We experimentally show this increase and how it is consistent with the laws of thermodynamics, demonstrating how thermodynamic resources are consumed. We use a nuclear magnetic resonance approach with coherently controlled interactions of nuclear spin qubits. We verify an analytical upper bound on the increase in capacity for channels that preserve energy and thermal states, and demonstrate that the bound can be exceeded for an energy-altering channel. We show that the switch can be used to take a thermal state to a state that is not thermal, while consuming free energy associated with the coherence of a control system. The results show how the switch can be incorporated into quantum thermodynamics experiments as an additional resource.

中文翻译：

根据热力学定律通过量子开关增强信息容量的实验验证

我们通过实验探讨了量子开关与热力学定律的相互作用。该量子开关将两个通道置于阶次叠加中，并且可以应用于热化通道。量子切换热通道已被证明明显违反第二定律。这些明显违规行为的核心是量子交换通道如何提高信息通信能力。我们通过实验展示了这种增加以及它如何与热力学定律相一致，展示了热力学资源是如何消耗的。我们使用核磁共振方法来一致控制核自旋量子位的相互作用。我们验证了保存能量和热状态的通道容量增加的分析上限，并证明能量改变通道可以超过该上限。我们证明，该开关可用于将热状态转变为非热状态，同时消耗与控制系统的一致性相关的自由能。结果显示了如何将开关作为附加资源纳入量子热力学实验。

更新日期：2024-07-26

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