The baobab tree (Adansonia digitata L.) is an integral part of rural livelihoods throughout the African continent. However, the combined effects of climate change and increasing global demand for baobab products are currently exerting pressure on the sustainable utilization of these resources. Here we use sub-metre-resolution satellite imagery to identify the presence of nearly 2.8 million (underestimation bias 27.1%) baobab trees in the Sahel, a dryland region of 2.4 million km². This achievement is considered an essential step towards an improved management and monitoring system of valuable woody species. Using Senegal as a case country, we find that 94% of rural buildings have at least one baobab tree in their immediate surroundings and that the abundance of baobabs is associated with a higher likelihood of people consuming a highly nutritious food group: dark green leafy vegetables. The generated database showcases the feasibility of mapping the location of single tree species at a sub-continental scale, providing vital information in times when deforestation and climate change cause the extinction of numerous tree species.

猴面包树（ Adansonia digitalata L.）是整个非洲大陆农村生计不可或缺的一部分。然而，气候变化和全球对猴面包树产品需求不断增加的综合影响目前正在对这些资源的可持续利用施加压力。在这里，我们使用亚米分辨率卫星图像来识别萨赫勒地区（面积 240 万平方公里的旱地地区^）存在近 280 万棵（低估偏差 27.1%）猴面包树。这一成就被认为是改善珍贵木本物种管理和监测系统的重要一步。以塞内加尔为例，我们发现 94% 的农村建筑周围至少有一棵猴面包树，而猴面包树的丰富与人们食用高营养食物组的可能性较高有关：深绿叶蔬菜。生成的数据库展示了在次大陆范围内绘制单一树种位置的可行性，在森林砍伐和气候变化导致众多树种灭绝时提供重要信息。