In Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC), sociodemographic context, socioeconomic disparities and the high level of urbanization provide a unique entry point to reflect on the burden of cardiometabolic disease in the region. Cardiovascular diseases are the main cause of death in LAC, precipitated by population growth and ageing together with a rapid increase in the prevalence of cardiometabolic risk factors, predominantly obesity and diabetes mellitus, over the past four decades. Strategies to address this growing cardiometabolic burden include both population-wide and individual-based initiatives tailored to the specific challenges faced by different LAC countries, which are heterogeneous. The implementation of public policies to reduce smoking and health system approaches to control hypertension are examples of scalable strategies. The challenges faced by LAC are also opportunities to foster innovative approaches to combat the high burden of cardiometabolic diseases such as implementing digital health interventions and team-based initiatives. This Review provides a summary of trends in the epidemiology of cardiometabolic diseases and their risk factors in LAC as well as context-specific disease determinants and potential solutions to improve cardiometabolic health in the region.

在拉丁美洲和加勒比地区 （LAC），社会人口背景、社会经济差异和高水平的城市化为反思该地区心脏代谢疾病的负担提供了一个独特的切入点。心血管疾病是 LAC 死亡的主要原因，在过去四十年中，人口增长和老龄化以及心脏代谢风险因素（主要是肥胖和糖尿病）患病率的迅速增加导致了心血管疾病。解决这种日益增长的心脏代谢负担的策略包括针对不同 LAC 国家面临的特定挑战量身定制的全人群和个人倡议，这些挑战是异质性的。实施减少吸烟的公共政策和卫生系统控制高血压的方法是可扩展战略的例子。LAC 面临的挑战也是促进创新方法来对抗心脏代谢疾病的高负担的机会，例如实施数字健康干预和基于团队的举措。本综述总结了 LAC 心脏代谢疾病流行病学的趋势及其风险因素，以及特定背景的疾病决定因素和改善该地区心脏代谢健康的潜在解决方案。