This study aimed to investigate the nutritional and functional roles of β-mannanase on the intestinal health and growth of newly weaned pigs fed a typical or low-cost formulated feeds (LCF). Twenty-four newly weaned pigs at 6.2 kg ± 0.4 body weight (BW) were allotted to three dietary treatments based on a randomized complete block design with sex and initial BW as blocks. Three dietary treatments are as follows: Control, typical nursery feeds including animal protein supplements and enzyme-treated soybean meal; LCF with increased amounts of soybean meal, decreased amounts of animal protein supplements, and no enzyme-treated soybean meal; LCF+, low-cost formulated feed with β-mannanase at 100 g/t, providing 800 thermostable β-mannanase unit (TMU) per kg of feed. Pigs were fed based on a three-phase feeding program for a total of 37 d. On day 37 of feeding, all pigs were euthanized and the gastrointestinal tract was removed for sample collection to analyze intestinal health parameters, mucosa-associated microbiota, and gene expression of tight junction proteins. Pigs fed LCF increased (P < 0.05) the relative abundance of Proteobacteria and Helicobacter in the jejunal mucosa, tended to decrease (P = 0.097; P = 0.098) the concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA) and the expression of zona occluden 1 (ZO-1) gene in the jejunum, tended to decrease average daily gain (ADG; P = 0.084) and final BW (P = 0.090), and decreased (P < 0.05) average daily feed intake. Pigs fed LCF + tended to decrease (P = 0.088) digesta viscosity, decreased (P < 0.05) the relative abundance of Helicobacter, and increased (P < 0.05) Lactobacillus in the jejunal mucosa compared to LCF. Additionally, LCF + tended to increase final BW (P = 0.059) and ADG (P = 0.054), increased (P < 0.05) gain to feed ratio (G:F), and reduced (P < 0.05) fecal score compared to LCF. LCF with decreased amounts of animal protein supplements and increased amounts of soybean meal had negative effects on the composition of the mucosa-associated microbiota, intestinal integrity, and growth performance of nursery pigs. Beta-mannanase supplementation to LCF decreased digesta viscosity, increased the relative abundance of potentially health-benefitting microbiota such as Lactobacillus, and improved growth and fecal score, thus reflecting its efficacy in low-cost formulated feeds with increased amounts of soybean meal.

中文翻译：

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β-甘露聚糖酶对饲喂两种不同类型饲料的新断奶仔猪肠道健康和生长的营养和功能作用


本研究旨在探讨 β-甘露聚糖酶对饲喂典型或低成本配方饲料 （LCF） 的新断奶仔猪肠道健康和生长的营养和功能作用。将 24 头体重为 6.2 公斤±体重 （BW） 为 0.4 的新断奶仔猪分配到 3 个基于随机完全区组设计的日粮处理，以性别和初始 BW 为区组。三种饮食处理如下：对照，典型的苗圃饲料，包括动物蛋白补充剂和酶处理的豆粕;LCF 增加豆粕量，减少动物蛋白补充剂量，无酶处理豆粕;LCF+ 低成本配方饲料，β-甘露聚糖酶的吨位为 100 g/t，每公斤饲料提供 800 热稳定的 β-甘露聚糖酶单位 （TMU）。根据三阶段饲喂程序饲喂猪，总共 37 天。在饲喂第 37 天，对所有猪实施安乐死，取出胃肠道进行样本采集，以分析肠道健康参数、粘膜相关微生物群和紧密连接蛋白的基因表达。饲喂 LCF 的猪增加 （P < 0.05） 空肠粘膜中变形菌门和幽门螺杆菌门的相对丰度，趋于降低 （P = 0.097;P = 0.098） 空肠中丙二醛 （MDA） 浓度和带闭塞带 1 （ZO-1） 基因的表达，倾向于降低平均日增重 （ADG;P = 0.084） 和最终体重 （P = 0.090） 和降低 （P < 0.05） 平均每日采食量。与 LCF 相比，饲喂 LCF + 的猪倾向于降低 （P = 0.088） 消化物粘度，降低 （P < 0.05） 空肠粘膜中幽门螺杆菌的相对丰度，增加 （P < 0.05） 乳酸菌。此外，LCF + 倾向于增加最终 BW （P = 0.059） 和 ADG （P = 0.054），增加 （P < 0.05） 与 LCF 相比，增重与喂养比 （G：F） 和降低 （P < 0.05） 粪便评分。减少动物蛋白补充剂量和增加豆粕量的 LCF 对保育猪粘膜相关微生物群的组成、肠道完整性和生长性能有负面影响。在 LCF 中添加 β-甘露聚糖酶可降低消化物粘度，增加乳酸菌等可能有益健康的微生物群的相对丰度，并改善生长和粪便评分，从而反映出其在豆粕含量增加的低成本配方饲料中的功效。