The incompatibility between diverse responsible principles of science and technology (S&T) and multi‐stakeholders' heterogeneous value assessments underscores the importance of coordinating normative principles of responsible research and innovation (RRI). In this context, this study adopts an ambidexterity lens to address this issue, conceptualizing two constructs—“generalized responsibility” and “specialized responsibility” of S&T (GRST and SRST)—to illustrate the trade‐offs. It explores the antecedents of GRST and SRST from an agency perspective. Drawing from a dataset of 19,707 poll responses, the study employs a fractional logit regression model to examine the relationships between three types of agency (iterational agency, strategic agency, and ethical agency) and GRST and SRST. The results reveal a positive relationship between iterational agency and SRST, and between strategic agency and GRST, as well as U‐shaped effects of iterational agency on GRST, strategic agency on SRST, and ethical agency on both GRST and SRST. Moreover, ethical agency is found to be more important for SRST than for GRST. The study offers theoretical and policy implications for a critical discussion about responsible innovation.

中文翻译：

---

负责任的研究和创新：广义和专业责任的双元视角


科学技术（S&T）的不同负责任原则与多方利益相关者的异质价值评估之间的不相容性凸显了协调负责任研究和创新（RRI）规范原则的重要性。在此背景下，本研究采用双元视角来解决这个问题，概念化了科学技术的“广义责任”和“专业责任”（GRST 和 SRST）两种结构，以说明其中的权衡。它从机构的角度探讨了 GRST 和 SRST 的前身。该研究根据 19,707 份民意调查回复的数据集，采用分数 Logit 回归模型来检查三种类型的代理（迭代代理、战略代理和道德代理）与 GRST 和 SRST 之间的关系。结果揭示了迭代代理与 SRST 之间以及战略代理与 GRST 之间的正相关关系，以及迭代代理对 GRST、战略代理对 SRST 以及道德代理对 GRST 和 SRST 的 U 形影响。此外，道德代理对于 SRST 比 GRST 更重要。该研究为有关负责任创新的批判性讨论提供了理论和政策启示。