Previous studies investigated short-term effects of COVID-19 on families. However, much is unknown about how families with adolescents fared throughout the pandemic, as well as factors that might explain interindividual differences in adjustment. The current study used latent change score models to investigate associations between changes in adolescents’ mental health, parent-adolescent relationship quality, and COVID-19-health-related stress from Fall 2019 to Spring 2021, and whether personality predicted changes in adolescents’ mental health, relationship quality, and stress. Participants were 242 adolescents (M_age = 11.56, SD = 0.44, 50% girls). Parent-adolescent negative interactions decreased from before the pandemic to the first lockdown, and stronger decreases (both in this period and between Fall 2020 and Spring 2021) were associated with simultaneous stronger increases in mental health. From Spring to Fall 2020, decreases in stress were stronger for less extraverted adolescents and were associated with better mental health. More agreeable adolescents reported a stronger decrease in stress between Fall 2020 and Spring 2021. The findings suggest that it is important to consider heterogeneity in designing future intervention and prevention programs. Especially adolescents with existing problems and from multi-problem families might be at risk for adverse consequences during pandemic-like situations.

以前的研究调查了 COVID-19 对家庭的短期影响。然而，关于有青少年的家庭在整个大流行期间的表现，以及可能解释个体间适应差异的因素，还有很多未知数。目前的研究使用潜在变化评分模型来调查 2019 年秋季至 2021 年春季青少年心理健康、父母与青少年关系质量和 COVID-19 健康相关压力变化之间的关联，以及性格是否预测青少年心理健康、关系质量和压力的变化。参与者是 242 名青少年 （M_年龄 = 11.56，SD = 0.44,50% 女孩）。从大流行前到第一次封锁，父母与青少年的负面互动有所减少，并且更强的下降（在此期间以及 2020 年秋季和 2021 年春季之间）与心理健康同时更强的增长有关。从 2020 年春季到秋季，不太外向的青少年的压力减轻更强，并且与更好的心理健康相关。更讨人喜欢的青少年报告说，在 2020 年秋季和 2021 年春季之间，压力减轻幅度更大。研究结果表明，在设计未来的干预和预防计划时考虑异质性很重要。尤其是有现有问题的青少年和来自多个问题家庭的青少年，在类似大流行的情况下可能会面临不良后果的风险。