Dehydration and malnutrition are common and often underdiagnosed in hospital settings. Multidrug-resistant bacterial infections result in more than 35,000 deaths a year in nosocomial patients. The effect of temporal dietary and water restriction (DWR) on susceptibility to multidrug-resistant pathogens is unknown. We report that DWR markedly increased susceptibility to systemic infection by ESKAPE pathogens. Using a murine bloodstream model of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection, we show that DWR leads to significantly increased mortality and morbidity. DWR causes increased bacterial burden, severe pathology, and increased numbers of phagocytes in the kidney. DWR appears to alter the functionality of these phagocytes and is therefore unable to control infection. Mechanistically, we show that DWR impairs the ability of macrophages to phagocytose multiple bacterial pathogens and efferocytose apoptotic neutrophils. Together, this work highlights the crucial impact that diet and hydration play in protecting against infection.

中文翻译：

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饮食和饮水限制会导致对抗菌药物耐药病原体的易感性增加


脱水和营养不良很常见，而且在医院环境中常常得不到充分诊断。多重耐药细菌感染每年导致超过 35,000 例院内患者死亡。暂时饮食和饮水限制 (DWR) 对多重耐药病原体易感性的影响尚不清楚。我们报告 DWR 显着增加了 ESKAPE 病原体全身感染的易感性。使用耐甲氧西林的小鼠血流模型金黄色葡萄球菌感染，我们发现 DWR 会导致死亡率和发病率显着增加。 DWR 会导致肾脏中细菌负担增加、严重病理以及吞噬细胞数量增加。 DWR 似乎会改变这些吞噬细胞的功能，因此无法控制感染。从机制上讲，我们发现 DWR 会损害巨噬细胞吞噬多种细菌病原体和吞噬凋亡中性粒细胞的能力。总之，这项工作强调了饮食和水合作用在预防感染方面发挥的关键作用。