A striking yet underexamined system of labour management circulated between land and sea in the nineteenth-century Atlantic world: the use of liquor rations to stimulate worker productivity. Turning to the British naval warship and the American slave plantation, this article depicts how labour supervisors in both settings relied on carefully regulated quantities of alcohol to extract more labour from their workforces. Even as Anglo-American temperance activists called for sobering up the working classes, many naval commanders and slaveholders held firm to the belief that managed intemperance was an essential tool for mobilizing workers. The study of liquor rations and the arguments endorsing their distribution helps to reveal how a spectrum of coercive labour practices swept through the Atlantic world amid the emergence of an industrial capitalist order. Zooming in on the history of these rations enables us to discern labour extraction strategies that operated between the poles of violent coercion and market-based exploitation, and that animated vital sectors of the Atlantic economy during the nineteenth century.

中文翻译：

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19 世纪大西洋世界的酒类配给和劳动力管理


在 19 世纪的大西洋世界，一种引人注目但未被充分研究的劳动管理制度在陆地和海洋之间流传：使用酒类配给来刺激工人的生产力。本文以英国海军军舰和美国奴隶种植园为例，描述了这两种情况下的劳工监督员如何依靠精心调节的酒精数量来从他们的劳动力中榨取更多的劳动力。尽管英美的节制活动家呼吁唤醒工人阶级，但许多海军指挥官和奴隶主仍然坚信，有管理的节制是动员工人的重要工具。对酒类配给的研究和支持其分配的论点有助于揭示在工业资本主义秩序出现期间，一系列强制性劳动做法是如何席卷大西洋世界的。放大这些口粮的历史使我们能够辨别在暴力胁迫和市场剥削两极之间运作的劳动力提取策略，这些策略在 19 世纪激发了大西洋经济的重要部门。