A symbiotic radio (SR) network is built to address the situations of limited spectrum and energy resources. Particularly, a hybrid SR network is proposed based on simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT). Specifically, the backscatter devices (BDs) will have the capability to provide active communications for the primary receiver (PR) with the harvested energy from SWIPT. Within the network, the BDs and primary transmitter (PT) based transmissions will achieve symbiotic status. In detail, the whole network will operate in three phases, which are assisted by a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS). Further, an end-to-end S-parameter based model is introduced to reveal the hardware characteristics. Under these settings, a multi-objective problem with energy efficiency (EE) and sum rate maximization is proposed. Additionally, the constraints are related to the communication demands and physical restrictions. To resolve the problem, the $\epsilon $ -constraint approach is utilized to transform it into a single-objective problem. Then the coupled variables are separated into three parts to allow an iterative solution. Specifically, an element-wise approach based on the Sherman-Morrison transformation is adopted to optimize the subproblem for RIS with the double-inverse form. Simulation results confirm the significance of the hardware features and the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.

中文翻译：

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RIS辅助混合共生无线电网络：从实用的端到端模型到多目标优化


共生无线电（SR）网络的建立是为了解决频谱和能源资源有限的情况。特别地，提出了基于同时无线信息和电力传输（SWIPT）的混合SR网络。具体来说，反向散射设备 (BD) 将能够利用从 SWIPT 收集的能量为主接收器 (PR) 提供主动通信。在网络内，BD 和基于主发射器 (PT) 的传输将实现共生状态。具体来说，整个网络将分三个阶段运行，并由可重构智能表面（RIS）辅助。此外，引入基于端到端 S 参数的模型来揭示硬件特性。在这些设置下，提出了能量效率（EE）和总速率最大化的多目标问题。此外，这些限制还与通信需求和物理限制有关。为了解决该问题，利用 $\epsilon$ 约束方法将其转化为单目标问题。然后将耦合变量分为三个部分以允许迭代解决方案。具体来说，采用基于谢尔曼-莫里森变换的逐元素方法来优化具有双逆形式的RIS子问题。仿真结果证实了硬件特性的重要性和所提方案的有效性。