ImportanceEpilepsy is a highly treatable condition for many people, but there are large treatment gaps with suboptimal seizure control in minoritized groups. The sexual and gender minority (SGM) community is at risk for health disparities, yet the burden of epilepsy in this community is not known.ObjectiveTo estimate the prevalence of active epilepsy among SGM people in the United States.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis was a cross-sectional, nationally representative survey study of community-dwelling US adults who answered questions about epilepsy, sexual orientation, and gender identity in the 2022 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS).ExposureSelf-identification of transgender or gender-diverse identity, or sexual orientation including gay, lesbian, bisexual, or other orientation, excluding straight (ie, heterosexual).Main Outcomes and MeasuresParticipants self-reported epilepsy status, medical treatment, seizure frequency, demographic characteristics, sexual orientation, and gender identity. Logistic regression was used to estimate the association of epilepsy with SGM identification.ResultsA total of 27 624 participants (15 050 [54%] women; 3231 [12%] Black; mean [SD] age, 48.2 [18.5] years) completed the NHIS and were included. Active epilepsy was present in 1.2% (95% CI, 1.0%-1.3%) of the population. A higher proportion of SGM adults than non-SGM adults reported active epilepsy (2.4% [95% CI, 1.4%-3.3%] vs 1.1% [95% CI, 1.0%-1.3%], respectively). After adjusting for age, race, ethnicity, income, and education, SGM people were more than twice as likely to report active epilepsy than were non-SGM adults (adjusted odds ratio, 2.14; 95% CI, 1.35-3.37).Conclusions and RelevanceThe findings suggest that SGM adults in the United States have a disproportionate prevalence of epilepsy. The reasons for this disparity are likely complex and may be associated with biological and psychosocial determinants of health unique to this population; as such, these individuals are in need of protected access to medical care.

中文翻译：

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性和性别少数群体的癫痫患病率


重要性癫痫对许多人来说是一种高度可治疗的疾病，但少数群体的癫痫控制效果不佳，治疗差距很大。性少数和性别少数 (SGM) 社区面临健康差异的风险，但该社区的癫痫负担尚不清楚。目的估计美国 SGM 人群中活动性癫痫的患病率。设计、设置和参与者这是对居住在社区的美国成年人进行的一项横断面、具有全国代表性的调查研究，他们在 2022 年全国健康访谈调查 (NHIS) 中回答了有关癫痫、性取向和性别认同的问题。暴露跨性别者或性别多元化身份的自我认同，或性取向，包括男同性恋、女同性恋、双性恋或其他取向，不包括异性恋（即异性恋）。主要结果和措施参与者自我报告的癫痫状况、治疗、癫痫发作频率、人口特征、性取向和性别认同。使用 Logistic 回归来估计癫痫与 SGM 识别的关联。 结果共有 27 624 名参与者（15 050 [54%] 女性；3231 [12%] 黑人；平均 [SD] 年龄，48.2 [18.5] 岁）完成了NHIS 也被包括在内。 1.2%（95% CI，1.0%-1.3%）的人群患有活动性癫痫。报告活动性癫痫的 SGM 成人比例高于非 SGM 成人（分别为 2.4% [95% CI, 1.4%-3.3%] 和 1.1% [95% CI, 1.0%-1.3%]）。调整年龄、种族、民族、收入和教育程度后，SGM 人群报告活动性癫痫的可能性是非 SGM 成年人的两倍多（调整后优势比，2.14；95% CI，1.35-3.37）。结论和相关性研究结果表明，美国 SGM 成年人的癫痫患病率不成比例。造成这种差异的原因可能很复杂，可能与该人群特有的生物和心理社会健康决定因素有关；因此，这些人需要受保护的医疗服务。