Previous studies have confirmed the diverse spatiotemporal characteristics of Atlantic Niño events. Our research further reveals the crucial preparatory role of equatorial western Atlantic barrier layers (BL) and the triggering effect of westerly wind bursts (WWB) on different varieties of Atlantic Niño. Strong easterly winds typically facilitate the formation of thick BL by deepening isothermal layer depth in the western Atlantic through horizontal transport. The existence of BL accumulates the necessary heat for the onset of Atlantic Niño. Additionally, the timing of BL occurrences, the presence of easterly wind anomalies preceding WWB, and the duration of westerly wind anomalies jointly contribute to Atlantic Niño diversity. Persistent westerly wind anomalies following strong easterly winds often lead to Atlantic Niño events lasting over 6 months, while short-lived events occur when westerly wind anomalies cease shortly after their onset.

中文翻译：

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盐度屏障层和西风异常对大西洋厄尔尼诺事件的作用


先前的研究已经证实了大西洋厄尔尼诺事件的多样化时空特征。我们的研究进一步揭示了赤道西大西洋屏障层（BL）的重要准备作用以及西风爆发（WWB）对不同类型的大西洋厄尔尼诺现象的触发作用。强烈的东风通常通过水平输送加深西大西洋的等温层深度，从而促进厚层BL的形成。 BL的存在为大西洋厄尔尼诺现象的爆发积累了必要的热量。此外，BL 发生的时间、WWB 之前东风异常的存在以及西风异常的持续时间共同影响了大西洋厄尔尼诺现象的多样性。强东风之后持续的西风异常通常会导致大西洋厄尔尼诺事件持续超过 6 个月，而短暂的事件则发生在西风异常发生后不久就停止的情况。