Solar energy is the fastest-growing source of electricity generation globally. As deployment increases, photovoltaic (PV) panels need to be produced sustainably. Therefore, the resource utilization rate and the rate at which those resources become available in the environment must be in equilibrium while maintaining the well-being of people and nature. Metal halide perovskite (MHP) semiconductors could revolutionize PV technology due to high efficiency, readily available/accessible materials and low-cost production. Here we outline how MHP-PV panels could scale a sustainable supply chain while appreciably contributing to a global renewable energy transition. We evaluate the critical material concerns, embodied energy, carbon impacts and circular supply chain processes of MHP-PVs. The research community is in an influential position to prioritize research efforts in reliability, recycling and remanufacturing to make MHP-PVs one of the most sustainable energy sources on the market.

太阳能是全球增长最快的发电来源。随着部署的增加，光伏 (PV) 面板需要可持续生产。因此，资源利用率和环境中资源可用率必须保持平衡，同时维护人类和自然的福祉。金属卤化物钙钛矿（MHP）半导体由于效率高、材料容易获得和生产成本低，可能会彻底改变光伏技术。在这里，我们概述了 MHP-PV 面板如何扩大可持续供应链，同时为全球可再生能源转型做出重大贡献。我们评估 MHP-PV 的关键材料问题、具体能源、碳影响和循环供应链流程。研究界在优先考虑可靠性、回收和再制造方面的研究工作方面处于有影响力的地位，以使 MHP-PV 成为市场上最可持续的能源之一。