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Dual-Function Alloying Nitrate Additives Stabilize Fast-Charging Lithium Metal Batteries
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces ( IF 8.3 ) Pub Date : 2024-07-17 , DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c06385 Austin G Paul-Orecchio 1 , Lucas Stockton 2 , Neel Barichello 2 , Andrew Petersen 1 , Andrei Dolocan 3 , Yixian Wang 3 , David Mitlin 3 , C Buddie Mullins 1, 2, 3
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces ( IF 8.3 ) Pub Date : 2024-07-17 , DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c06385 Austin G Paul-Orecchio 1 , Lucas Stockton 2 , Neel Barichello 2 , Andrew Petersen 1 , Andrei Dolocan 3 , Yixian Wang 3 , David Mitlin 3 , C Buddie Mullins 1, 2, 3
Affiliation
Lithium metal is regarded as the “holy grail” of lithium-ion battery anodes due to its exceptionally high theoretical capacity (3800 mAh g–1) and lowest possible electrochemical potential (−3.04 V vs Li/Li+); however, lithium suffers from the dendritic formation that leads to parasitic reactions and cell failure. In this work, we stabilize fast-charging lithium metal plating/stripping with dual-function alloying M-nitrate additives (M: Ag, Bi, Ga, In, and Zn). First, lithium metal reduces M, forming lithiophilic alloys for dense Li nucleation. Additionally, nitrates form ionically conductive and mechanically stable Li3N and LiNxOy, enhancing Li-ion diffusion through the passivation layer. Notably, Zn-protected cells demonstrate electrochemically stable Li||Li cycling for 750+ cycles (2.0 mA cm–2) and 140 cycles (10.0 mA cm–2). Moreover, Zn-protected Li||Lithium Iron Phosphate full-cells achieve 134 mAh g–1 (89.2% capacity retention) after 400 cycles (C/2). This work investigates a promising solution to stabilize lithium metal plating/stripping for fast-charging lithium metal batteries.
中文翻译:
双功能合金硝酸盐添加剂可稳定快速充电锂金属电池
锂金属因其极高的理论容量(3800 mAh g –1 )和尽可能低的电化学电位(−3.04 V vs Li/Li + )而被视为锂离子电池负极的“圣杯”;然而,锂会形成枝晶,从而导致寄生反应和电池故障。在这项工作中,我们使用双功能合金M-硝酸盐添加剂( M :Ag、Bi、Ga、In 和 Zn)稳定快速充电的锂金属电镀/剥离。首先,锂金属还原M ,形成用于致密Li成核的亲锂合金。此外,硝酸盐形成离子导电且机械稳定的Li 3 N和LiN x O y ,增强锂离子通过钝化层的扩散。值得注意的是,锌保护电池表现出电化学稳定的Li||Li循环750次以上循环(2.0 mA cm –2 )和140次循环(10.0 mA cm –2 )。此外,锌保护的磷酸铁锂全电池在 400 次循环 (C/2) 后达到 134 mAh g –1 (89.2% 容量保持率)。这项工作研究了一种有前途的解决方案,用于稳定快速充电锂金属电池的锂金属电镀/剥离。
更新日期:2024-07-17
中文翻译:
双功能合金硝酸盐添加剂可稳定快速充电锂金属电池
锂金属因其极高的理论容量(3800 mAh g –1 )和尽可能低的电化学电位(−3.04 V vs Li/Li + )而被视为锂离子电池负极的“圣杯”;然而,锂会形成枝晶,从而导致寄生反应和电池故障。在这项工作中,我们使用双功能合金M-硝酸盐添加剂( M :Ag、Bi、Ga、In 和 Zn)稳定快速充电的锂金属电镀/剥离。首先,锂金属还原M ,形成用于致密Li成核的亲锂合金。此外,硝酸盐形成离子导电且机械稳定的Li 3 N和LiN x O y ,增强锂离子通过钝化层的扩散。值得注意的是,锌保护电池表现出电化学稳定的Li||Li循环750次以上循环(2.0 mA cm –2 )和140次循环(10.0 mA cm –2 )。此外,锌保护的磷酸铁锂全电池在 400 次循环 (C/2) 后达到 134 mAh g –1 (89.2% 容量保持率)。这项工作研究了一种有前途的解决方案,用于稳定快速充电锂金属电池的锂金属电镀/剥离。