Fully textured perovskite silicon tandem solar cells are promising for future low-cost photovoltaic deployment. However, the fill factor and open-circuit voltage of these devices are currently limited by the high density of defects at grain boundaries and at interfaces with charge transport layers. To address this, we devise a strategy to simultaneously enhance perovskite crystallization and passivate the perovskite/C₆₀ interface. By incorporating urea (CO(NH₂)₂) as an additive in the solution step of the hybrid evaporation/spin-coating perovskite deposition method, the crystallization kinetics are accelerated, leading to the formation of the desired photoactive phase at room temperature. With that, perovskite films with large grain sizes (>1 μm) and improved optoelectronic quality are formed at low annealing temperatures (100°C). Concurrently, remnant urea molecules are expelled at the perovskite surface, which locally displaces the C₆₀ layer, thus reducing interfacial non-radiative recombination losses. With this strategy, the resulting tandem solar cells achieve 30.0% power conversion efficiency.

全纹理钙钛矿硅串联太阳能电池有望用于未来的低成本光伏部署。然而，这些器件的填充因子和开路电压目前受到晶界和电荷传输层界面处高密度缺陷的限制。为了解决这个问题，我们设计了一种策略来同时增强钙钛矿结晶并钝化钙钛矿/C ₆₀ 界面。通过在混合蒸发/旋涂钙钛矿沉积方法的溶液步骤中加入尿素（CO(NH ₂ ) ₂ ）作为添加剂，可以加速结晶动力学，从而导致在室温下形成所需的光敏相。这样，在较低的退火温度（100°C）下就可以形成具有大晶粒尺寸（>1μm）和改善的光电质量的钙钛矿薄膜。同时，残余的尿素分子在钙钛矿表面被排出，局部取代了C ₆₀ 层，从而减少了界面非辐射复合损失。通过这种策略，所得的串联太阳能电池实现了 30.0% 的功率转换效率。