Corrupt actors operate in an environment with numerous mechanisms designed to expose and punish their illegal behavior. Therefore, they organize their activity to reduce risk and uncertainty surrounding the situation, which takes place within and beyond a formal hierarchy. This article approaches the subject from a multidisciplinary perspective, applying theories of organization and organizationality—such as communicative constitution of organizations, social organization, partial organization, complete organization, neopatrimonialism, and patronage–to explain the organizing element of different forms of corruption. By introducing the ideas of the organization and organizationality, this study presents a new dimension of corruption and provides new insight into the scholarship on the topic.

中文翻译：

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腐败的组织和组织性


腐败行为者的运作环境有许多旨在揭露和惩罚其非法行为的机制。因此，他们组织活动以减少围绕正式等级制度内外发生的情况的风险和不确定性。本文从多学科的角度探讨这一主题，运用组织和组织性理论——例如组织的交往构成、社会组织、部分组织、完全组织、新家长主义和庇护——来解释不同形式腐败的组织要素。通过引入组织和组织性的概念，本研究提出了腐败的新维度，并为该主题的学术研究提供了新的见解。