To determine the risk factors for mortality in Korean patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA)-associated interstitial lung disease (ILD) in comparison to patients with RA but without ILD (RA-nonILD). Data were extracted from a single-centre prospective cohort of RA patients with a chest computed tomography scan at an academic referral hospital in Korea. Patients with RA-ILD enroled between May 2017 and August 2022 were selected, and those without ILD were selected as comparators. The mortality rate was calculated, and the causes of each death were investigated. We used Cox proportional hazard regression with Firth’s penalised likelihood method to identify the risk factors for mortality in patients with RA-ILD. A total of 615 RA patients were included: 200 with ILD and 415 without ILD. In the RA-ILD group, there were 15 deaths over 540.1 person-years (PYs), resulting in mortality rate of 2.78/100 PYs. No deaths were reported in the RA-nonILD group during the 1669.9 PYs. The primary causes of death were infection (nine cases) and lung cancer (five cases), with only one death attributed to ILD aggravation. High RA activity (adjusted HR 1.87, CI 1.16–3.10), baseline diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO) < 60% (adjusted HR 4.88, 95% CI 1.11–45.94), and usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) pattern (adjusted HR 5.13, 95% CI 1.00–57.36) were identified as risk factors for mortality in RA-ILD patients. Patients with RA-ILD have an elevated risk of mortality compared with those without ILD. Infection-related deaths are the main causes of mortality in this population. High RA activity, low DLCO, and the UIP pattern are significantly associated with the mortality in patients with RA-ILD.

中文翻译：

---

类风湿性关节炎相关间质性肺疾病患者死亡的危险因素：单中心前瞻性队列研究


旨在确定韩国类风湿性关节炎 (RA) 相关间质性肺病 (ILD) 患者与患有 RA 但无 ILD 的患者 (RA-nonILD) 的死亡危险因素。数据是从韩国一家学术转诊医院进行胸部计算机断层扫描的单中心前瞻性 RA 患者队列中提取的。选择2017年5月至2022年8月期间入组的RA-ILD患者，选择无ILD的患者作为对照组。计算死亡率，并调查每例死亡的原因。我们使用 Cox 比例风险回归和 Firth 惩罚似然法来确定 RA-ILD 患者死亡的危险因素。总共包括 615 名 RA 患者：200 名患有 ILD，415 名不患有 ILD。在 RA-ILD 组中，540.1 人年 (PY) 中有 15 例死亡，死亡率为 2.78/100 PY。在 1669.9 个 PY 期间，RA-nonILD 组没有死亡报告。主要原因是感染（9 例）和肺癌（5 例），只有 1 例死亡归因于间质性肺病（ILD）恶化。高 RA 活动（调整后 HR 1.87，CI 1.16–3.10），一氧化碳 (DLCO) 基线扩散能力 < 60%（调整后 HR 4.88，95% CI 1.11–45.94），以及常见间质性肺炎 (UIP) 模式（调整后 HR 5.13，95% CI 1.00-57.36）被确定为 RA-ILD 患者死亡的危险因素。与没有 ILD 的患者相比，RA-ILD 患者的死亡风险更高。与感染相关的死亡是该人群死亡的主要原因。高 RA 活动度、低 DLCO 和 UIP 模式与 RA-ILD 患者的死亡率显着相关。