Inspired by Leonard Parker’s pioneering 1968 work demonstrating matter quanta production in a dynamical spacetime background, we consider production of scalar quanta in a gravitational wave background. Choosing the spacetime to be a flat spacetime perturbed linearly by a linear gravitational wave, we show that scalar particles may indeed be produced in a perturbative manner. Our formulation is valid for any linear gravitational wave background profile, and is by no means restricted to monochromatic plane waves, in contrast to much of the earlier work on this topic. Thus, our work is directly applicable to gravitational wave signals from compact binary coalescence detected at LIGO-VIRGO-KAGRA, where they are of a pulsed character rather than monochromatic plane waves. We also briefly outline generalizing our approach for photon creation in a gravitational wave background. In this aspect, irrespective of the astrophysical nature of the binary merger sourcing the gravitational wave signal, one expects the dynamical nature of the spacetime to produce all species of light particles. Thus, any binary coalescence is in effect a source of multimessenger astrophysics.

中文翻译：

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线性引力波背景中的粒子产生


受 Leonard Parker 1968 年开创性工作的启发，该工作展示了动态时空背景下的物质量子的产生，我们考虑了引力波背景下标量量子的产生。选择时空为受线性引力波线性扰动的平坦时空，我们表明标量粒子确实可能以扰动方式产生。与该主题的许多早期工作相比，我们的公式对于任何线性引力波背景轮廓都有效，并且绝不限于单色平面波。因此，我们的工作直接适用于 LIGO-VIRGO-KAGRA 检测到的紧凑双星聚结的引力波信号，它们具有脉冲特征而不是单色平面波。我们还简要概述了我们在引力波背景下产生光子的方法。在这方面，无论产生引力波信号的双星合并的天体物理性质如何，人们都期望时空的动力学性质会产生所有种类的光粒子。因此，任何双星合并实际上都是多信使天体物理学的来源。