Diabetes mellitus is considered a serious medical issue that is the leading cause of mortality worldwide. Hence, there is a huge demand for developing efficient, reliable, and inexpensive non-enzymatic glucose sensors that can rapidly and accurately monitor glucose levels in physiological fluids. Herein, we developed an efficient and robust Ni/NiO@C composite as an electrocatalyst, which is synthesized via a simple co-precipitation method followed by a controlled annealing treatment. The resulting Ni/NiO@C composite has a spherical structure, yielding the salient features of large surface area, high structural void porosity, accessible surface-active edges, and redox-active centers of Ni²⁺/Ni³⁺ which could effectively improve the electrocatalytic oxidation for the detection of glucose. The detailed investigation revealed the electrochemical oxidation of glucose situated at 0.48 V with a wide linear range over the concentration from 0.5 μM to 2.0 mM. Based on the calibration plot, the limit of detection (LOD) and sensitivity were calculated to be 0.061 μM, and 9.73 μA cm⁻² μM⁻¹, respectively. The designed sensor's electroanalytical performance was effectively validated for the investigation of target species in actual samples. This work offers insights into the synergistic electrocatalytic activity of precious metal and enzyme-free catalysts for use in clinical diagnostics for the analysis of glucose molecules.

中文翻译：

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碳载镍/氧化镍纳米杂化复合材料作为电化学非酶葡萄糖检测的高性能传感器


糖尿病被认为是一个严重的医学问题，是全世界死亡的主要原因。因此，迫切需要开发高效、可靠且廉价的非酶葡萄糖传感器，以快速、准确地监测生理液中的葡萄糖水平。在此，我们开发了一种高效且坚固的 Ni/NiO@C 复合材料作为电催化剂，该复合材料是通过简单的共沉淀方法和受控退火处理合成的。所得 Ni/NiO@C 复合材料具有球形结构，具有大表面积、高结构孔隙率、可接近的表面活性边缘和 Ni ²⁺ /Ni < 氧化还原活性中心的显着特征。 b1>可有效提高电催化氧化检测葡萄糖的能力。详细的研究表明，葡萄糖的电化学氧化位于 0.48 V 电压下，在浓度从 0.5 μM 到 2.0 mM 的范围内具有很宽的线性范围。根据校准图，计算出检测限 (LOD) 和灵敏度分别为 0.061 μM 和 9.73 μA cm ⁻² μM ⁻¹ 。设计的传感器的电分析性能得到了有效验证，可用于实际样品中目标物质的研究。这项工作为贵金属和无酶催化剂的协同电催化活性提供了见解，可用于葡萄糖分子分析的临床诊断。