Azole fungicides are frequently used in agricultural practice, and can leach into surface water through farmland, leading to negative impacts to environment and human health. Herein, a novel magnetic sulfonic-functionalized hypercrosslinked polymer (MHCP-SOH) was fabricated by crosslinking of the phenyl-functionalized magnetic nanoparticles via Friedel-Crafts alkylation strategy with a simple post-modification process. Significantly, Friedel-Crafts reaction is moderate and no extreme operating conditions are required. It is the first attempt that hypercrosslinked polymers were employed to achieve efficient adsorption of azole fungicides from water. Benefiting from the hypercrosslinked framework, high specific surface area, stable magnetic structure and abundant adsorption active sites, MHCP-SOH exhibited fast separation (20 s), short adsorption equilibrium time (30 min), extraordinary reusability and outstanding adsorption capacity for azole fungicides, with the maximum adsorption capacities of 65.47 mg/g for tebuconazole and 63.28 mg/g for epoxiconazole, respectively. Furthermore, the adsorption process for azole fungicides on MHCP-SOH conformed to pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Freundlich isotherm model. In particular, the interactions affecting the adsorption were discussed combining adsorption experiments with molecular docking study. π-π stacking, hydrogen bond, hydrophobic interaction and pore-filling effect were confirmed to be the main adsorption mechanisms. Our findings not only provide the feasible way as a facile, environmentally friendly and cheap strategy for synthesizing magnetic adsorbents, but also identify it as a promising approach in the field of removing environmental pollutants.

中文翻译：

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构建磁性磺酸功能化超交联聚合物以有效吸附水中的唑类杀菌剂


唑类杀菌剂在农业实践中经常使用，可通过农田渗入地表水，对环境和人类健康造成负面影响。在此，通过弗里德尔-克来福特烷基化策略和简单的后改性过程交联苯基功能化磁性纳米颗粒，制备了一种新型磁性磺酸功能化超交联聚合物（MHCP-SOH）。值得注意的是，弗里德尔-克拉夫茨反应是温和的，不需要极端的操作条件。这是首次尝试采用超交联聚合物实现对水中唑类杀菌剂的高效吸附。得益于超交联骨架、高比表面积、稳定的磁性结构和丰富的吸附活性位点，MHCP-SOH具有快速分离（20秒）、短吸附平衡时间（30分钟）、非凡的可重复使用性和对唑类杀菌剂的出色吸附能力，对戊唑醇和氟环唑的最大吸附容量分别为 65.47 mg/g 和 63.28 mg/g。此外，MHCP-SOH对唑类杀菌剂的吸附过程符合准二级动力学模型和Freundlich等温线模型。特别是结合吸附实验和分子对接研究讨论了影响吸附的相互作用。 π-π堆积、氢键、疏水相互作用和孔填充效应被证实是主要的吸附机制。我们的研究结果不仅为合成磁性吸附剂提供了一种简便、环保且廉价的策略，而且将其确定为去除环境污染物领域的一种有前途的方法。