Thaumatin-like proteins (TLPs) are members of the pathogenesis-related protein 5 (PR5) family and are involved in plant defense mechanisms. Jojoba is an economically important woody oil crop that is tolerant to high temperatures and drought but extremely sensitive to cold stress. To understand the role of genes in the stress response of jojoba, we comprehensively analyzed the structure, evolutionary relationships, and functions of genes. We identified 24 distinct genes in the jojoba genome and organized them into 10 phylogenetic groups. The structures and conserved motifs of these genes showed significant similarities, with four pairs of tandem duplications and four pairs of segmental duplications playing pivotal roles in the expansion of the family. Most genes feature promoter regions rich in acting elements associated with the stress response and typically exhibit increased expression when exposed to stressors such as cold, drought, and wound stress. Functional analysis of , a member of the stress-responsive family, showed that overexpression results in increased stress resistance in yeast, tobacco, and . Y1H and luciferase activity assays indicated that promoted the expression of by binding to the W-box elements in the promoter region. Exposure to cold, drought, and wound stress triggered the activation of in jojoba leaves, which in turn elevated the expression of . This cascade effect enhances the overall stress resilience of jojoba. Our study contributes to a more complete understanding of the gene family and reveals the roles of genes in various stress responses.

中文翻译：

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WRKY 调节的 TLP 基因介导荷荷巴对寒冷、干旱和伤口应激的反应


索马甜样蛋白 (TLP) 是发病机制相关蛋白 5 (PR5) 家族的成员，参与植物防御机制。荷荷巴油是一种重要的经济木本油料作物，能够耐受高温和干旱，但对冷胁迫极其敏感。为了了解基因在荷荷巴胁迫反应中的作用，我们全面分析了基因的结构、进化关系和功能。我们在荷荷巴基因组中鉴定了 24 个不同的基因，并将它们分为 10 个系统发育组。这些基因的结构和保守基序显示出显着的相似性，其中四对串联重复和四对节段重复在家族的扩张中发挥着关键作用。大多数基因的启动子区域富含与应激反应相关的作用元件，并且当暴露于寒冷、干旱和伤口应激等应激源时，通常表现出表达增加。应激反应家族成员 的功能分析表明，过度表达会导致酵母、烟草和 的应激抵抗力增强。 Y1H 和荧光素酶活性测定表明，通过与启动子区域的 W-box 元件结合来促进 的表达。暴露于寒冷、干旱和伤口应激会触发荷荷巴叶中 的激活，进而提高 的表达。这种级联效应增强了荷荷巴油的整体抗压能力。我们的研究有助于更全面地了解基因家族，并揭示基因在各种应激反应中的作用。