The present work was aimed to prepare alginate-HPMC polymeric beads containing fennel oil and evaluate its potential as a controlled release system for larvicidal activity against , , and wild mosquito larvae. This study was carried out by emulsifying fennel oil with PEG 400 in an aqueous phase containing alginate and HPMC mixture and the fabrication of beads by an ionotropic gelation method using CaCl as a cross-linker. The concentrations of sodium alginate, HPMC, and CaCl were taken as process parameters. The fennel oil emulsion was characterized based on the oil droplet size (378 nm), polydispersity index (0.250), and viscosity (4518±269 cps at 100 rpm). The prepared beads were characterized by NMR, FTIR, and SEM for the confirmation of fennel oil entrapment in alginate beads and surface topographical study. The beads were further evaluated for %EE (79±0.22 %) loading capacity (78.56±0.309 %) and drug release (91.66±0.47 % in 72 hours). The larvicidal bioassay showed that the fennel oil-loaded alginate beads resulted in 100 % mortality of , , and wild mosquito larvae within 24 hours. These results confirm that the fennel oil-loaded alginate beads exhibited good entrapment efficiency, control release properties, and suitable larvicidal activity.

中文翻译：

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茴香油负载藻酸盐聚合物珠的开发和表征，用于杀灭埃及伊蚊、斯氏按蚊和野生蚊子幼虫的幼虫活性


目前的工作旨在制备含有茴香油的藻酸盐-HPMC 聚合物珠，并评估其作为控释系统针对 、 和野生蚊子幼虫的杀幼活性的潜力。本研究通过在含有藻酸盐和 HPMC 混合物的水相中乳化茴香油和 PEG 400 并使用 CaCl 作为交联剂通过离子凝胶法制造珠子来进行。海藻酸钠、HPMC 和 CaCl 的浓度作为工艺参数。根据油滴尺寸 (378 nm)、多分散指数 (0.250) 和粘度（100 rpm 时为 4518±269 cps）对茴香油乳液进行表征。通过 NMR、FTIR 和 SEM 对制备的珠进行表征，以确认海藻酸盐珠中茴香油的包埋和表面形貌研究。进一步评估珠子的%EE (79±0.22%)负载能力(78.56±0.309%)和药物释放(72小时内91.66±0.47%)。杀幼虫生物测定表明，负载茴香油的藻酸盐珠在 24 小时内导致 、 和野生蚊子幼虫 100% 死亡。这些结果证实，负载茴香油的藻酸盐珠表现出良好的包封效率、控制释放特性和适当的杀幼虫活性。