With long standing demand and popularity, growth hormone treatments continue to be a topic of interest for paediatric endocrinologists and general paediatricians due to ongoing issues regarding their long-term effects, the safety of childhood treatment, and the introduction of long-acting growth hormone preparations in the past decade. Moreover, uncertainty regarding how to approach individual patients and their treatment indications remains, particularly concerning tailored treatment goals and objectives; this uncertainty is further complicated by the multitude of approved indications that surpass substitution therapy. The paediatric endocrinologist thus grapples with pertinent questions, such as what defines reasonable treatment goals for each individual given their indications, and when (and how) to initiate the necessary discussions about risks and benefits with patients and their families. The aim of this Review is to offer advanced physiological concepts of growth hormone function, map out approved paediatric indications for treatment along with evidence on their effects and safety, highlight controversies and complexities surrounding childhood growth hormone treatment, and discuss the potential of long-acting growth hormone and future directions in the realm of childhood growth hormone treatment.

中文翻译：

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儿童生长激素治疗：挑战、机遇和考虑因素


由于长期的需求和受欢迎程度，生长激素治疗仍然是儿科内分泌学家和普通儿科医生感兴趣的话题，因为有关其长期影响、儿童治疗的安全性以及长效生长激素制剂的引入的持续问题在过去的十年里。此外，如何接触个体患者及其治疗适应症仍然存在不确定性，特别是在定制治疗目的和目的方面；由于大量已批准的适应症超越了替代疗法，这种不确定性变得更加复杂。因此，儿科内分泌学家要努力解决相关问题，例如根据每个人的适应症定义合理的治疗目标，以及何时（以及如何）与患者及其家人就风险和益处进行必要的讨论。本综述的目的是提供生长激素功能的先进生理学概念，制定已批准的儿科治疗适应症及其效果和安全性证据，强调围绕儿童生长激素治疗的争议和复杂性，并讨论长效治疗的潜力生长激素和儿童生长激素治疗领域的未来方向。