Utilizing triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) for simultaneous mechanical energy harvesting and sensing applications is a crucial and challenging endeavor that can improve TENG-based self-powered sensing systems. However, this issue remains relatively underexplored and thus, it is the primary focus here. We propose a simple and generalizable external circuitry achieving simultaneous energy storage and sensing from the TENGs. Commonly available polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) triboelectric film is dielectrically modified by loading synthesized sodium tantalate filler particles with high dielectricity. The fabricated films and aluminum tape are utilized as negative and positive triboelectric films. The electrical performance of the TENG operated in contact-separation mode is optimized based on the filler concentration in the PDMS film and the maximum electrical output of ∼ 195 V, ∼ 6.27 µA, and ∼ 44 µC/m2 is observed. Completely analyzed TENG with highly efficient and stable electrical output (for more than 10,000 operational cycles) is utilized for further experiments. Various fundamental voltage divider (VD) (capacitive, resistive, and inductive) electrical circuits are fabricated and their successful utilization for dividing the electrical output from the TENG is demonstrated. After a comprehensive analysis of the compatibility between the VD and TENG, it is determined that inductive and resistive VDs are the optimal choice. Owing to its simplicity, the resistive VD is further utilized to construct real-time vehicle speed sensing and approaching direction-finding applications. The proposed simple and generalized state-of-the-art process for simultaneous energy storage and sensing through the TENG could be revolutionary, potentially expanding its applicative scope significantly.

中文翻译：

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广泛利用 TENG 的能量收集能力，通过有效的外部电路实现并行能量存储和运动传感应用


利用摩擦纳米发电机 (TENG) 同时进行机械能收集和传感应用是一项至关重要且具有挑战性的工作，可以改进基于 TENG 的自供电传感系统。然而，这个问题仍然相对未被充分研究，因此，它是这里的主要焦点。我们提出了一种简单且通用的外部电路，可同时实现 TENG 的能量存储和传感。常用的聚二甲基硅氧烷（PDMS）摩擦电膜是通过负载合成的高介电性钽酸钠填料颗粒进行介电改性的。制成的薄膜和铝带用作负摩擦电膜和正摩擦电膜。在接触分离模式下运行的 TENG 的电性能根据 PDMS 薄膜中的填料浓度进行了优化，观察到最大电输出为 ∼ 195 V、∼ 6.27 µA 和 ∼ 44 µC/m2。经过全面分析的 TENG 具有高效稳定的电力输出（超过 10,000 个操作周期），可用于进一步的实验。制造了各种基本分压器 (VD)（电容式、电阻式和电感式）电路，并展示了它们成功用于分配 TENG 的电输出。综合分析VD和TENG之间的兼容性，确定电感式和电阻式VD是最佳选择。由于其简单性，电阻式 VD 被进一步用于构建实时车速传感和接近测向应用。 所提出的通过 TENG 同时进行能量存储和传感的简单且通用的最先进过程可能是革命性的，有可能显着扩展其应用范围。