Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) offer promising green energy solutions for portable microelectronics in the Internet of Everything era. However, their practical applications are limited by low electrical output and stability in harsh environments. This study introduces an innovative antagonistic strategy to enhance TENG performance and stability using thermo-stable polyimide with customizable porous structures (ip-PI). By employing antagonistic solubility, we create ip-PI using chloroform as a solvent for PI and acetone as a solvent for the Poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF-co-HFP) template, whereas they both act as nonsolvents for their respective counterparts. Additionally, microbeads-patterned chitosan (mb-CS) is rationally designed and fabricated as morphologically and electrically antagonistic counter surfaces for ip-PI. The resulting antagonist-inspired TENG (AI-TENG) constructed from ip-PI and mb-CS achieves a remarkable average power density of 4 W·m−2, presenting an outstanding 200-fold increase in power compared to TENG made from unstructured flat surfaces. Furthermore, the ip-PI demonstrates excellent temperature resistance, enabling the TENG to operate at extremely high temperatures up to 250 °C, with promising durability of over 10,000 contact-separation cycles. Applications include self-powered machinery condition monitoring sensors and a wireless communication fire forest pre-warning system, showcasing significant advancements in flexible, high-performance TENGs suitable for industrial use in extreme environments.

中文翻译：

---

极端恶劣环境下增强性能的基于聚酰亚胺的摩擦纳米发电机和无线自供电传感器的对抗策略


摩擦纳米发电机（TENG）为万物互联时代的便携式微电子产品提供了前景广阔的绿色能源解决方案。然而，它们的实际应用受到低电输出和恶劣环境下稳定性的限制。本研究引入了一种创新的拮抗策略，使用具有可定制多孔结构 (ip-PI) 的热稳定聚酰亚胺来增强 TENG 性能和稳定性。通过采用拮抗溶解度，我们使用氯仿作为 PI 的溶剂，丙酮作为聚偏氟乙烯-六氟丙烯 (PVDF-co-HFP) 模板的溶剂，而它们都充当其各自的非溶剂，从而创建了 ip-PI。各自的对应方。此外，微珠图案化壳聚糖（mb-CS）经过合理设计和制造，作为 ip-PI 的形态和电拮抗反面。由此产生的由 ip-PI 和 mb-CS 构建的受对抗启发的 TENG (AI-TENG) 实现了 4 W·m−2 的显着平均功率密度，与由非结构化平面制成的 TENG 相比，功率显着增加了 200 倍表面。此外，ip-PI表现出优异的耐温性，使TENG能够在高达250°C的极高温度下运行，并具有超过10,000次接触-分离循环的耐用性。应用包括自供电机械状态监测传感器和无线通信森林火灾预警系统，展示了适合极端环境下工业使用的灵活、高性能 TENG 的重大进步。