Friendships and peer relationships have an important role in the experience of self-harm ideation and behaviour in young people, yet they typically remain overlooked. This systematic review and narrative synthesis explores the extant literature on this topic to identify important relationships between these constructs. We did a keyword search of peer-reviewed empirical articles relating to friendships and peer relationships and self-harm ideation and behaviour in young people (aged 11–25 years). We identified 90 articles with evidence primarily from adolescents aged 11–18 years, including mixed genders and a majority of White individuals. Findings highlight substantive relationships between the key constructs, showing that: characteristics of friends and peers, including their self-harm ideation and behaviour, relate to and predict ego self-harm ideation and behaviour; friends and peers are important sources of support; and evidence on causal mechanisms is scarce but highlights potential peer selection and influence processes. Studies of the friends and peers of young people with self-harm ideation and behaviour highlight that: friends' attitudes to self-harm and suicide influence their responses to peers with self-harm ideation and behaviour; and friends who are bereaved and friend supporters experience negative outcomes such as symptoms of depression, anxiety, PTSD, and grief, alongside difficult emotions. Despite substantial heterogeneity across samples, study designs, and definition or measurement of the primary constructs, this work presents an initial step in organising a complex literature on a crucially important topic, which can help to inform future research and evidence-based interventions.

中文翻译：

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年轻人中的友谊和同伴关系以及自残观念和行为：系统回顾和叙述综合


友谊和同伴关系在年轻人自残观念和行为的经历中发挥着重要作用，但它们通常仍然被忽视。本系统回顾和叙述综合探讨了有关该主题的现有文献，以确定这些结构之间的重要关系。我们对与年轻人（11-25 岁）的友谊、同伴关系以及自残观念和行为相关的同行评审实证文章进行了关键词搜索。我们确定了 90 篇文章，其证据主要来自 11-18 岁的青少年，其中包括混合性别和大多数白人。研究结果强调了关键结构之间的实质性关系，表明： 朋友和同伴的特征，包括他们的自残观念和行为，与自我伤害观念和行为相关并预测自我伤害观念和行为；朋友和同事是重要的支持来源；关于因果机制的证据很少，但强调了潜在的同行选择和影响过程。对有自残想法和行为的年轻人的朋友和同龄人的研究表明：朋友对自残和自杀的态度影响他们对有自残想法和行为的同龄人的反应；失去亲人的朋友和朋友的支持者会经历负面结果，例如抑郁、焦虑、创伤后应激障碍和悲伤症状，以及困难的情绪。尽管样本、研究设计以及主要结构的定义或测量之间存在很大的异质性，但这项工作在组织关于一个至关重要的主题的复杂文献方面迈出了第一步，这有助于为未来的研究和基于证据的干预措施提供信息。