Species are fundamental units of nature that need proper identification in order to assess and conserve biodiversity. Artemia is a model crustacean for population analysis and comparison in regionally endemic sexual species and parthenogenetic lineages distributed in hypersaline lakes, lagoons, and solar saltworks scattered in arid and semi-arid areas worldwide. The taxonomy of two American Artemia species has been controversial: Artemia monicaVerrill, 1869, adapted to the carbonate-rich conditions of Mono Lake (CA, USA), and Artemia franciscanaKellogg, 1906, a species broadly distributed in the Americas. The former species has been studied little, despite being listed as threatened in the IUCN Red List. In contrast, the latter has been studied extensively, is broadly distributed in the Americas, and has become established as a non-native invasive species in Europe, Asia, Africa, and Australia. Given the need to conserve A. monica, the intraspecific diversity of invasive A. franciscana, and the local species in areas invaded by this species, we reconsider their biodiversity and taxonomic status currently threatened by synonymization. In conclusion, A. monica and A. franciscana should be treated as two separate species that are isolated both ecologically and reproductively.

中文翻译：

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卤虫的分类地位，1869 年（甲壳纲：Anostraca）


物种是自然的基本单位，需要适当的识别才能评估和保护生物多样性。卤虫是一种模型甲壳类动物，用于对分布在世界各地干旱和半干旱地区的高盐湖、泻湖和太阳盐场中的区域特有性物种和孤雌谱系进行种群分析和比较。两种美洲卤虫物种的分类一直存在争议：Artemia monicaVerrill, 1869，适应莫诺湖（美国加利福尼亚州）富含碳酸盐的条件，Artemia franciscanaKellogg, 1906，广泛分布于美洲的物种。尽管在世界自然保护联盟红色名录中被列为受威胁物种，但对前一种物种的研究却很少。相比之下，后者已被广泛研究，广泛分布于美洲，并已成为欧洲、亚洲、非洲和澳大利亚的非本地入侵物种。考虑到保护 A. monica 的需要、入侵 A. franciscana 的种内多样性以及该物种入侵地区的当地物种，我们重新考虑其目前受到同义化威胁的生物多样性和分类地位。总之，A. monica 和 A. franciscana 应被视为两个在生态和生殖上相互隔离的独立物种。