Cross-sectional and some longitudinal evidence suggests doing hobbies can reduce substance use, but findings have been inconsistent, and whether associations differ across adolescence remains unclear. This study included 7454 Add Health participants (50% female, 77% White, age mean=14.95 and SD = 1.56). Participants were split into three groups, according to whether they were early (aged 11–14 at baseline), mid (aged 15–16), or late (aged 17–20) adolescents at baseline. The trajectories of binge drinking, marijuana, and tobacco use were analysed in latent growth models across Waves 1–5 (1994–2018). Concurrent associations between substance use and hobby engagement were tested at Waves 1–3 separately in the three age groups. Doing hobbies more frequently was associated with lower odds of binge drinking and marijuana and tobacco use in early adolescence. Although there was initially a similar protective association in mid and late adolescence, this had reversed by Wave 3 for binge drinking and marijuana use, when participants were young adults. This change in the association could be a result of differing social contexts, changes in peer influence, or an indication that creative hobbies are particularly beneficial. It could explain previous inconsistent findings and demonstrates the importance of considering developmental differences when investigating engagement in hobbies.

横断面和一些纵向证据表明，培养兴趣爱好可以减少物质使用，但研究结果并不一致，而且青春期之间的关联是否有所不同仍不清楚。这项研究包括 7454 名 Add Health 参与者（50% 为女性，77% 为白人，平均年龄 = 14.95，SD = 1.56）。根据参与者是否为早期（基线时 11-14 岁）、中期（15-16 岁）或晚期（17-20 岁）青少年，将其分为三组。在第 1 波至第 5 波（1994 年至 2018 年）的潜在增长模型中分析了酗酒、大麻和烟草使用的轨迹。在三个年龄组的第 1-3 波中分别测试了物质使用和爱好参与之间的同时关联。更频繁地从事自己的爱好与青春期早期酗酒、吸食大麻和烟草的几率较低有关。尽管最初在青春期中后期也存在类似的保护性关联，但在第三波酗酒和吸食大麻的参与者为年轻人时，这种情况已经逆转。这种关联的变化可能是由于不同的社会背景、同伴影响力的变化或表明创造性爱好特别有益的结果。它可以解释以前不一致的发现，并证明在调查兴趣爱好时考虑发展差异的重要性。