Fatigue resistance is vital for success in elite road cycling, as repeated, intense efforts challenge the athletes' ability to sustain peak performance throughout prolonged races. The present study combined recurrent performance testing and physiological measures during 6 h simulated racing with laboratory testing to investigate factors influencing fatigue resistance. Twelve male national elite cyclists (25 ± 3 years; 76 ± 6 kg and VO2max of 5.2 ± 0.5 L/min) completed incremental power and maximal fat oxidation tests. Subsequently, they underwent field testing with physiological measures and fatigue responses evaluated through peak sprint power and 5 km time trial (TT) testing after 0, 2, 4, and 6 h of exercise. Peak power declined from 1362 ± 176 W in first sprint to 1271 ± 152 W after 2 h (p < 0.01) and then stabilized. In contrast, TT mean power gradually declined from 412 ± 38 W in the first TT to 384 ± 41 W in the final trial, with individual losses ranging from 2% to 14% and moderately correlated (r2 = 0.45) to accumulated exercise time above lactate threshold. High carbohydrate intake (~90 g/h) maintained blood glucose levels, but post‐TT [lactate] decreased from 15.1 ± 2 mM to 7.1 ± 2.3 mM, while fat oxidation increased from 0.7 ± 0.3 g/min at 0 h to 1.1 ± 0.1 g/min after 6 h. The study identifies fatigue patterns in national elite cyclists. Peak sprint power stabilized after an initial impairment from 0 to 2 h, while TT power gradually declined over the 6 h simulated race, with increased differentiation in fatigue responses among athletes.

中文翻译：

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精英自行车手在 6 小时模拟公路赛车期间的表现和疲劳模式


抗疲劳能力对于精英公路自行车比赛的成功至关重要，因为反复、激烈的努力挑战着运动员在长时间比赛中保持最佳表现的能力。本研究将 6 小时模拟赛车期间的反复性能测试和生理测量与实验室测试相结合，以调查影响抗疲劳性的因素。 12 名男性国家精英自行车运动员（25 ± 3 岁；76 ± 6 kg，最大摄氧量 5.2 ± 0.5 L/min）完成了增量功率和最大脂肪氧化测试。随后，他们进行了现场测试，包括生理测量和疲劳反应，通过峰值冲刺功率和运动 0、2、4 和 6 小时后的 5 公里计时赛 (TT) 测试来评估。峰值功率从第一次冲刺时的 1362 ± 176 W 下降到 2 小时后的 1271 ± 152 W (p < 0.01)，然后稳定下来。相比之下，TT 平均功率从第一次 TT 的 412 ± 38 W 逐渐下降到最终试验的 384 ± 41 W，个体损失范围为 2% 至 14%，与上述累积运动时间中等相关 (r2 = 0.45)乳酸阈值。高碳水化合物摄入量（~90 g/h）维持血糖水平，但TT后[乳酸]从15.1 ± 2 mM下降到7.1 ± 2.3 mM，而脂肪氧化从0小时的0.7 ± 0.3 g/min增加到1.1 6 小时后 ± 0.1 克/分钟。该研究确定了国家精英自行车运动员的疲劳模式。峰值冲刺功率在 0 至 2 小时的初始损伤后稳定下来，而 TT 功率在 6 小时的模拟比赛中逐渐下降，运动员之间的疲劳反应差异加大。