AimTo compare the efficacy of non‐surgical re‐instrumentation (NSR) and papillary preservation flap (PPF) surgery at single‐rooted teeth with residual pockets.Materials and MethodsPatients with at least a residual pocket depth (PD ≥ 5 mm) after Steps I and II were enrolled and randomly assigned to receive NSR or PPF surgery. The primary outcome was PD reduction, and secondary outcomes were clinical attachment level (CAL) change and patient‐reported outcome measures (PROMs). Outcome variables were measured at baseline, 3 and 6 months. The examiner was blinded. Statistical analysis, one site for each patient, included descriptive statistics and analysis of covariance.ResultsForty‐six participants were enrolled, and one patient dropped out in the PPF group. After 6 months, both treatments resulted in significant PD reduction (1.3 ± 1.2 mm, p = .009 NSR; 2.0 ± 0.7 mm, p < .001 PPF) and CAL gain (1.0 ± 2.4 mm, p = .031 NSR; 1.4 ± 0.8 mm, p < .001 PPF). PD reduction between groups was not statistically significant (diff: 0.6 mm; 95% confidence interval [CI] [−0.3 to 1.5]; p = .167). Pocket closure was 61% NSR versus 86% PPF (p = .091). Smoking was associated with less PD reduction of almost 1 mm in both treatments. Treatment time was longer for PPF surgery, but PROMs and post‐operative pain were similar between groups.ConclusionsBoth NSR and PPF reduced PD without significant difference between treatments at 6 months. PPF surgery may offer faster PD reduction, but smoking habits reduce treatment efficacy.

中文翻译：

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残余袋的非手术再治疗与乳头状保留皮瓣手术：一项具有临床和患者报告结果的随机对照试验


目的 比较非手术再插牙 (NSR) 和乳头状保留皮瓣 (PPF) 手术对有残留牙袋的单根牙的疗效。 材料和方法步骤 I 后至少有残留牙袋深度 (PD ≥ 5 mm) 的患者II 和 II 被登记并随机分配接受 NSR 或 PPF 手术。主要结局是 PD 减少，次要结局是临床依恋水平 (CAL) 变化和患者报告的结局指标 (PROM)。结果变量在基线、3 个月和 6 个月时进行测量。考官双目失明。统计分析，每位患者一个站点，包括描述性统计和协方差分析。 结果 46 名参与者入组，1 名患者退出 PPF 组。 6 个月后，两种治疗均导致 PD 显着减少（1.3 ± 1.2 mm， p = .009 NSR； 2.0±0.7毫米， p < .001 PPF) 和 CAL 增益 (1.0 ± 2.4 mm， p = .031 NSR； 1.4±0.8毫米， p < .001 PPF)。组间 PD 降低无统计学意义（差异：0.6 mm；95% 置信区间 [CI] [−0.3 至 1.5]； p =.167）。口袋闭合率为 61% NSR 与 86% PPF（ p =.091）。在两种治疗中，吸烟均与 PD 减少近 1 毫米有关。 PPF 手术的治疗时间较长，但组间 PROM 和术后疼痛相似。结论 NSR 和 PPF 均减少 PD，6 个月时治疗之间无显着差异。 PPF 手术可能会更快地减少 PD，但吸烟习惯会降低治疗效果。