Thermal runaway incidents often imply explosions and casualties, especially for the nitration process. However, limited by coupling relations among units, it is challenging to analyze thermal safety in a complex process. In this study, a novel solution strategy is proposed to analyze the safe steady-state operating space for a complex nitration process with seven reactors in a countercurrent connection. The thermal risk issue is assessed in detail by mechanism-based modeling and simulation. A multilevel optimization model is designed to quantify the safe operating space under a specified working condition. Based on the assessment model of thermal risk, an optimization solution strategy is proposed to find the optimal working condition that corresponds to the largest safe operating space. The case study shows that the safety operating space of the nitration process can be expanded by 67.38%. The proposed framework has the potential to enhance thermal safety for complex industrial processes.

中文翻译：

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通过安全操作空间分析和优化对复杂硝化过程进行热风险评估


热失控事件通常意味着爆炸和人员伤亡，尤其是硝化过程。然而，受单元间耦合关系的限制，复杂过程中的热安全分析具有挑战性。在这项研究中，提出了一种新颖的解决方案策略来分析具有七个逆流连接反应器的复杂硝化过程的安全稳态操作空间。通过基于机制的建模和仿真来详细评估热风险问题。设计多级优化模型来量化指定工况下的安全操作空间。基于热风险评估模型，提出优化求解策略，寻找最大安全操作空间对应的最佳工况。案例研究表明，硝化工艺的安全操作空间可扩大67.38%。所提出的框架有可能增强复杂工业过程的热安全性。