Integrins are key regulators of cell–matrix interactions during joint development and joint tissue homeostasis, as well as in the development of osteoarthritis (OA). The signalling cascades initiated by the interactions of integrins with a complex network of extracellular matrix (ECM) components and intracellular adaptor proteins orchestrate cellular responses necessary for maintaining joint tissue integrity. Dysregulated integrin signalling, triggered by matrix degradation products such as matrikines, disrupts this delicate balance, tipping the scales towards an environment conducive to OA pathogenesis. The interplay between integrin signalling and growth factor pathways further underscores the multifaceted nature of OA. Moreover, emerging insights into the role of endocytic trafficking in regulating integrin signalling add a new layer of complexity to the understanding of OA development. To harness the therapeutic potential of targeting integrins for mitigation of OA, comprehensive understanding of their molecular mechanisms across joint tissues is imperative. Ultimately, deciphering the complexities of integrin signalling will advance the ability to treat OA and alleviate its global burden.

整合素是关节发育和关节组织稳态以及骨关节炎（OA）发展过程中细胞与基质相互作用的关键调节因子。整联蛋白与细胞外基质 (ECM) 成分和细胞内衔接蛋白的复杂网络相互作用引发的信号级联，协调维持关节组织完整性所需的细胞反应。由基质降解产物（例如 matrikines）引发的整合素信号失调会破坏这种微妙的平衡，使环境向有利于 OA 发病的环境倾斜。整合素信号传导和生长因子通路之间的相互作用进一步强调了 OA 的多方面性质。此外，对内吞运输在调节整合素信号传导中的作用的新见解为对 OA 发展的理解增加了新的复杂性。为了利用靶向整合素的治疗潜力来缓解骨关节炎，必须全面了解它们在关节组织中的分子机制。最终，破译整合素信号传导的复杂性将提高治疗骨关节炎的能力并减轻其全球负担。