Systemic inflammation with alterations in inflammatory markers is involved in aging and Alzheimer’s disease. However, few studies have investigated the longitudinal trajectories of systemic inflammatory markers during aging and Alzheimer’s disease, and specific markers contributing to Alzheimer’s disease remain undetermined. In this study, a longitudinal cohort (cohort 1: n = 290; controls, 136; preclinical Alzheimer’s disease, 154) and a cross-sectional cohort (cohort 2: n = 351; controls, 62; Alzheimer’s disease, 63; vascular dementia, 58; Parkinson’s disease dementia, 56; behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia, 57; dementia with Lewy bodies, 55) were included. Plasma levels of inflammatory markers were measured every 2 years during a 10-year follow-up in the longitudinal cohort and once in the cross-sectional cohort. The study demonstrated that the inflammatory markers significantly altered during both aging and the development of Alzheimer’s disease. However, only complement C3, interleukin-1β, and interleukin-6 exhibited significant changes in participants with preclinical Alzheimer’s disease, and their longitudinal changes were significantly associated with the development of Alzheimer’s disease compared to controls over the 10-year follow-up. In the cross-sectional cohort, complement C3 demonstrates specificity to Alzheimer’s disease, while interleukin-1β and interleukin-6 were also altered in other dementias. The study provides a new perspective on the involvement of inflammatory markers in the aging process and the development of Alzheimer’s disease, implying that regulating inflammation may have a pivotal role in promoting successful aging and in the prevention and treatment of Alzheimer’s disease.

中文翻译：

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衰老、阿尔茨海默病和其他痴呆症中的全身炎症标志物


炎症标志物改变的全身炎症与衰老和阿尔茨海默病有关。然而，很少有研究调查衰老和阿尔茨海默病期间全身炎症标志物的纵向轨迹，并且导致阿尔茨海默病的具体标志物仍未确定。在这项研究中，纵向队列（队列 1：n = 290；对照，136；临床前阿尔茨海默病，154）和横断队列（队列 2：n = 351；对照，62；阿尔茨海默病，63；血管性痴呆） ，58；帕金森病痴呆，56；行为变异性额颞叶痴呆，57；路易体痴呆，55）。在纵向队列的 10 年随访期间，每两年测量一次炎症标志物的血浆水平，在横断队列中测量一次。研究表明，炎症标志物在衰老和阿尔茨海默病的发展过程中发生了显着变化。然而，在临床前阿尔茨海默病参与者中，只有补体 C3、白细胞介素 1β 和白细胞介素 6 表现出显着变化，并且在 10 年随访中，与对照组相比，它们的纵向变化与阿尔茨海默病的发展显着相关。在横断面队列中，补体 C3 显示出对阿尔茨海默病的特异性，而白细胞介素 1β 和白细胞介素 6 在其他痴呆症中也发生了改变。该研究为炎症标志物参与衰老过程和阿尔茨海默病的发展提供了新的视角，这意味着调节炎症可能在促进成功衰老以及预防和治疗阿尔茨海默病方面发挥关键作用。