ObjectiveTo evaluate the influence of patient and implant‐related factors on the changes of marginal bone levels (MBL) at implants with a follow‐up ≥5 years.Materials and MethodsAt baseline (within 6 months from prosthetic insertion) and long‐term (≥5 years after implant placement) visits, interproximal (mesial and distal) MBL were radiographically evaluated. To analyze factors predicting MBL change, the site (either mesial or distal) showing the highest MBL change (hChMBL site) was identified for each implant. Multilevel regression models were built to explain MBL change as well as the probability for a bone loss ≥2 mm at long‐term.Results942 implants in 312 patients with a mean follow‐up of 8.02 ± 2.5 years were analyzed. MBL change was significantly predicted by baseline MBL, oral bisphosphonate (BP) intake, history of periodontitis, diabetes, and super‐hydrophilic implant surface. Higher risk for a bone loss ≥2 mm was observed in patients with history of periodontitis (OR = 9.52, 95% CI 0.72–3.79) and taking BP (OR = 6.84, 95% CI 0.21–3.63). Mandibular implants had higher odds for bone loss ≥2 mm compared to maxillary implants (OR = 3, 95% CI 0.39–1.87).ConclusionsThe findings of the present study contribute to the identification of specific clinical scenarios at higher risk for implant‐supporting bone loss that need to be strictly monitored during maintenance.

中文翻译：

---

影响至少 5 年功能种植牙影像学边缘骨吸收的因素： 一项多中心回顾性研究


目的评估患者和种植体相关因素对种植体边缘骨水平 （MBL） 变化的影响，随访 ≥5 年。材料和方法在基线 （假体植入后 6 个月内） 和长期 （种植体植入后 ≥5 年） 访视时，对邻间 （近中和远中） MBL 进行放射学评估。为了分析预测 MBL 变化的因素，确定了每个种植体显示最高 MBL 变化的部位（近中或远中）（hChMBL 部位）。建立多级回归模型来解释 MBL 变化以及长期骨丢失 ≥2 mm 的概率。结果分析了 312 例患者的 942 例植入物，平均随访时间为 8.02 ± 2.5 年。基线 MBL 、口服双膦酸盐 （BP） 摄入量、牙周炎病史、糖尿病和超亲水种植体表面可显著预测 MBL 变化。在有牙周炎病史 （OR = 9.52， 95% CI 0.72–3.79） 和服用血压 （OR = 6.84， 95% CI 0.21–3.63） 的患者中观察到骨质流失 ≥2 mm 的风险较高。与上颌种植体相比，下颌种植体骨质流失的几率更高 ≥2 mm（OR = 3,95% CI 0.39-1.87）。结论本研究的结果有助于确定在维护期间需要严格监测种植体支撑骨丢失风险较高的特定临床情况。