Bulk, polycrystalline (Co, Cu, Mg, Ni, Zn)O was synthesized using solid-state sintering. Micropillars were prepared and mechanically deformed along three crystallographic orientations: (001), (101), and (111). Pillars (001) and (111) cracked, while Pillar (101) remained intact. Pillars (001) and (101) exhibited activated slip systems, confirmed by a large stress drop, and the presence of slip bands, respectively. Schmid factor (SF) analysis was performed to examine the effect of grain orientations on dislocation activity and slip behavior. SF values range from 0 to 0.5, with non-zero values indicating potential for slip. Six slip systems exist in the (Co, Cu, Mg, Ni, Zn)O rock salt crystal structure: 1/2⟨110⟩11¯0. For the (001) orientation, four slip systems are potentially active (SF = 0.5). For the (101) orientation, there are four potentially active slip systems (SF = 0.25). For the (111) orientation, no potentially active slips systems exist (SF = 0). Dislocation structures, which were observed post-compression via transmission electron microscopy, demonstrated variations in size, number, and distribution across the pillar, depending on micropillar orientation. Entangled dislocations created misorientation in Pillar (001), which led to the possible formation of subgrains, while singular dislocations were observed in Pillar (101), and a lack of dislocations was observed in Pillar (111). Zener–Stroh type dislocation entanglement-mediated cracking is the proposed cause of the transgranular-type cracks in Pillar (001). The possible subgrain formation, or lack of formation, respectively, caused intergranular-type cracks to additionally form in Pillar (001), while Pillar (111) only exhibited transgranular-type brittle fracture. In combination, these findings highlight the importance of dislocation activity, without the need for elevated temperature, and grain orientation in controlling the mechanical deformation response in single-phase (Co, Cu, Mg, Ni, Zn)O.

中文翻译：

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单晶单相 (Co, Cu, Mg, Ni, Zn)O 的微柱压缩


采用固态烧结合成了块状多晶（Co、Cu、Mg、Ni、Zn）O。制备微柱并沿三个晶体方向机械变形：（001）、（101）和（111）。支柱（001）和（111）破裂，而支柱（101）完好无损。支柱 (001) 和 (101) 表现出激活的滑移系统，分别由大应力降和滑移带的存在证实。施密德因子 (SF) 分析用于检查晶粒取向对位错活动和滑移行为的影响。 SF 值范围为 0 到 0.5，非零值表示存在滑动的可能性。 (Co, Cu, Mg, Ni, Zn)O岩盐晶体结构中存在六种滑移系：1/2⟨110⟩11¯0。对于 (001) 方向，四个滑移系统可能处于活动状态 (SF = 0.5)。对于 (101) 方向，有四个潜在的主动滑移系统 (SF = 0.25)。对于 (111) 方向，不存在潜在的活跃滑移系统 (SF = 0)。通过透射电子显微镜观察压缩后的位错结构，发现位错结构在尺寸、数量和整个柱上的分布存在变化，具体取决于微柱方向。纠缠位错在 Pillar (001) 中产生了错误取向，从而可能形成亚晶粒，而在 Pillar (101) 中观察到奇异位错，而在 Pillar (111) 中观察到缺乏位错。齐纳-斯特罗型位错缠结介导的裂纹是 Pillar (001) 中穿晶型裂纹的拟议原因。可能的亚晶形成或缺乏形成分别导致柱（001）中额外形成沿晶型裂纹，而柱（111）仅表现出穿晶型脆性断裂。 综上所述，这些发现强调了位错活动（无需高温）和晶粒取向在控制单相（Co、Cu、Mg、Ni、Zn）O 机械变形响应中的重要性。