Progress in understanding and controlling electrocatalytic reactions will enable electrochemistry to have a prominent role in our future energy economy in diverse sectors such as batteries, fuel cells, and electrolyzers. Complementary to advancements made by materials chemistry, surface chemistry, and engineering in electrocatalytic systems, magnetic fields have recently been reexplored as a handle to improve the activity and selectivity metrics in electrocatalytic reactions. The intrinsic magnetism of electrocatalysts and external magnetic fields can be utilized to introduce new reaction pathways and enhance electrocatalytic activity. In this review, we first provide a brief introduction to the primary mechanisms by which magnetic fields have been postulated to affect and enhance electrochemical reactions. We then discuss select literature examples that demonstrate improvements in electrocatalytic energy conversion and storage reactions in the presence of magnetic fields. Literature reports and magnetic field effects are organized by the magnetic properties of electrocatalysts: diamagnetic, paramagnetic, ferromagnetic, and antiferromagnetic. With the growing number of reports on magneto-electrocatalysis, we anticipate that magnetic fields will enable new discoveries and greater tunability in electrocatalysis including and beyond energy-relevant chemistry.

中文翻译：

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在电催化中利用电极和磁场的磁性


在理解和控制电催化反应方面取得的进展将使电化学在电池、燃料电池和电解槽等不同领域的未来能源经济中发挥重要作用。作为材料化学、表面化学和电催化系统工程取得的进步的补充，磁场最近被重新探索作为提高电催化反应活性和选择性指标的手段。电催化剂的固有磁性和外部磁场可用于引入新的反应途径并增强电催化活性。在这篇综述中，我们首先简要介绍了假设磁场影响和增强电化学反应的主要机制。然后，我们讨论精选的文献示例，这些示例证明了在磁场存在下电催化能量转换和存储反应的改进。文献报道和磁场效应是按电催化剂的磁性来组织的：抗磁性、顺磁性、铁磁性和反铁磁性。随着有关磁电催化的报告数量不断增加，我们预计磁场将在电催化领域（包括能源相关化学领域）带来新的发现和更大的可调性。