Background Tuberculosis (TB)-immunoreactivity, measured in vivo (tuberculin skin test (TST)) or in vitro (interferon gamma release assay (IGRA)), can be found in latent, active or even following clearance of TB infection. In this case-control study, we compared the systemic and ocular outcomes between patients with or without TB-immunoreactivity, who received immunomodulatory therapy (IMT) for non-infectious uveitis. Methods We retrospectively reviewed charts of patients with (cases) or without (controls) TB-immunoreactivity (TST±IGRA), who received conventional IMT for ≥6 months, for the treatment of non-infectious uveitis. Patients who received prior or concomitant anti-TB therapy were excluded. Systemic and ocular outcomes were compared between both groups. Results 36 cases and 70 controls (gender-matched and age-matched) were included. New-onset pulmonary or extrapulmonary TB developed in one case and none of the controls. Based on this outcome, the absolute risk increase for systemic TB reactivation was noted to be 0.028 (95% CI 0.005 to 0.051) and the number needed to harm was 36. The incidence of persistent or recurrent (worsening ≥2 grades) intraocular inflammation during IMT was comparable between both groups (cases 18/36, controls 35/70, p=1.0). A change in anatomical site of presentation at recurrence was not seen in any case, but in six controls (p=0.15). No new focal chorio-retinal lesions were noted in either group. Conclusions Conventional IMT has a very low risk of systemic TB reactivation, and no additional detrimental effect on ocular outcomes, in TB-immunoreactive patients with non-infectious uveitis. Data are available upon reasonable request. The entire dataset is available on an Excel sheet and can be shared on request.

中文翻译：

---

接受免疫调节治疗非感染性葡萄膜炎的 TB 免疫反应患者的全身和眼部结局：一项病例对照研究


背景 结核病 （TB） 免疫反应性，在体内（结核菌素皮肤试验 （TST））或体外（干扰素 γ 释放试验 （IGRA））测量，可以在结核病感染的潜伏性、活动性甚至清除后发现。在这项病例对照研究中，我们比较了接受免疫调节治疗 （IMT） 治疗非感染性葡萄膜炎的有或没有 TB 免疫反应性患者的全身和眼部结局。方法 我们回顾性回顾了接受常规 IMT ≥ 6 个月治疗非感染性葡萄膜炎的 （病例） 或无 （对照） TB 免疫反应性 （TST±IGRA） 患者的图表。既往或同时接受抗结核治疗的患者被排除在外。比较两组之间的全身和眼部结局。结果 共纳入 36 例病例和 70 例对照 （性别匹配和年龄匹配）。新发肺结核或肺外结核发生在一例病例中，没有一个对照组发生。基于这一结局，系统性结核再激活的绝对风险增加为 0.028 （95% CI 0.005 至 0.051），需要伤害的数量为 36。IMT 期间持续或复发 （恶化 ≥2 级） 眼内炎症的发生率在两组之间相当 （病例 18/36，对照组 35/70，p = 1.0）。复发时解剖部位的变化在任何情况下都没有出现，但在 6 个对照中未见 （p=0.15）。两组均未发现新的局灶性脉络膜视网膜病变。结论 常规 IMT 在患有非感染性葡萄膜炎的 TB 免疫反应患者中，全身性 TB 再激活的风险非常低，并且对眼部结局没有额外的不利影响。数据可根据合理要求提供。整个数据集在 Excel 工作表上可用，并且可以根据要求共享。