Trade on the Iriri River, in the eastern Brazilian Amazonia, is structured around a credit‐barter system between clients and bosses known as aviamento in Portuguese. Nowadays, bosses are river traders born in the riversides who offer goods on credit to riverside dwellers, who later pay these debts with fish and products they collect from the forest. While the system, found in the Amazon basin since colonial times, is perhaps most known for fostering debt‐peonage during the Rubber Boom (1870‐1912), it can also create relations of mutual dependency that promote the autonomy of trade partners within an asymmetrical exchange. When that is the case, this trade is central to how clients and bosses define themselves as hard‐working, reliable, and transparent, personifying qualities they deem essential to masculine honour. In such partnerships (and more dramatically when they break down), the asymmetry of the relation can be challenged through a notion of male equivalence in which men must defend their honour and adhere to a code of conduct that ultimately excludes women and children from trade.

中文翻译：

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自治合作伙伴：亚马逊河贸易中的不对称和阳刚之气


巴西亚马逊流域东部的伊里里河上的贸易是围绕客户和老板之间的信用易货系统构建的，葡萄牙语中称为“aviamento”。如今，老板是出生在河边的河流商人，他们向河边居民赊购货物，然后河边居民用从森林中收集的鱼和产品来偿还这些债务。虽然该体系自殖民时代起就在亚马逊盆地发现，最著名的可能是在橡胶繁荣时期（1870-1912 年）促进债务劳役，但它也可以建立相互依赖的关系，促进贸易伙伴在不对称环境中的自主权。交换。在这种情况下，这种交易对于客户和老板如何将自己定义为勤奋、可靠、透明以及他们认为对男性荣誉至关重要的人格化品质至关重要。在这种伙伴关系中（当它们破裂时更戏剧性地），关系的不对称性可以通过男性平等的概念受到挑战，在这种概念中，男性必须捍卫自己的荣誉并遵守最终将妇女和儿童排除在贸易之外的行为准则。