Human mobility can be considered an effective adaptation strategy in response to environmental risks, given that adverse environmental conditions are often temporary and adaptation may not always be feasible or desirable. Despite its importance, the concept of short-term mobility as a behavioral response to environmental hazards has been understudied in geographies of health and place and behavioral economics. For a comprehensive understanding of how everyday mobilities are used as a risk adaptation strategy, this study avails of a multiscalar approach's ability to examine the influences of air pollution and extreme cold events on origin-destination movements. The modifiable areal unit problem (MAUP) and modifiable temporal unit problem (MTUP) are analyzed. The results suggest that the scale effects of the MAUP and MTUP are evident from the variations in regression coefficients of the differences in air quality and extreme cold events between origin and destination units. It is also found that the prefecture-level units that include both urbanized city proper and rural countryside, are not an ideal spatial analysis scale. Furthermore, this study reveals that the nexus of air quality differences and short-term movements is significantly impacted by changes in temporal scales. Our results offer fresh evidence on the decision-making process underlying mobility as an adaptation strategy to air pollution and cold events.

中文翻译：

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超越灾害引起的移民：在多个时空尺度上剖析应对空气污染和极端寒冷事件的日常流动性


鉴于不利的环境条件往往是暂时的，适应可能并不总是可行或可取的，人员流动可以被认为是应对环境风险的有效适应策略。尽管短期流动的概念很重要，但它作为对环境危害的行为反应，在健康地理学、地方经济学和行为经济学中尚未得到充分研究。为了全面了解如何将日常出行用作风险适应策略，本研究利用多标量方法来检查空气污染和极端寒冷事件对出发地-目的地出行的影响。分析了可修改区域单元问题（MAUP）和可修改时间单元问题（MTUP）。结果表明，从始发地和目的地单位之间空气质量和极寒事件差异的回归系数的变化来看，MAUP和MTUP的规模效应是明显的。研究还发现，既包括城市化城区，又包括乡村的地级单位，并不是理想的空间分析尺度。此外，这项研究表明，空气质量差异和短期运动之间的关系受到时间尺度变化的显着影响。我们的研究结果为流动性作为空气污染和寒冷事件适应策略的决策过程提供了新的证据。