Developing biosensors with antifouling properties is essential for accurately detecting low-concentration biomarkers in complex biological matrix, which is imperative for effective disease diagnosis and treatment. Herein, an antifouling electrochemical aptasensor qualifying for probing targets in human serum was explored based on newly-devised peptides that could form inverted U-shaped structures with long-term stability. The inverted U-shaped peptides (U-Pep) with two terminals of thiol groups grafted onto the Au-modified electrode showcase superior antifouling properties in terms of high stability against enzymatic hydrolysis and long acting against biofouling in actual biofluids. The construction of the outlined antifouling electrochemical aptasensor just involved the fabrication of Au-deposited poly(3,4 ethylenedioxythiophene) (Au/PEDOT) modified electrode, followed by one-step co-incubation in the peptides and the aptamer probes with the Au/PEDOT electrode. Taking a typical biomarker of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) for detection, this elegant antifouling aptasenor demonstrated a nice response for probing the target AFP with a low detection limit of 0.27 pg/mL and a wide linear scope of 1.0 pg/mL to 1.0 μg/mL, and furthermore qualified for assaying of AFP in human serum samples with satisfactory accuracy and feasibility. This engineering strategy of U-Pep with long-lasting antifouling efficacy opens a new horizon for high-performance antifouling biosensors suitable for detection in complex bifluids, and it could spark more inspiration for a follow-up exploration of other featured antifouling biomaterials.

中文翻译：

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具有持久防污功效的U型肽的设计：寻找一种可行的电化学适体传感器，用于人血清中的稳健检测


开发具有防污特性的生物传感器对于准确检测复杂生物基质中的低浓度生物标志物至关重要，这对于有效的疾病诊断和治疗至关重要。在此，基于新设计的肽，探索了一种适合探测人血清中目标的防污电化学适体传感器，该肽可以形成具有长期稳定性的倒U形结构。两端硫醇基团接枝到金修饰电极上的倒U形肽（U-Pep）在实际生物流体中对酶水解的高稳定性和对生物污垢的长效作用方面表现出优异的防污性能。所概述的防污电化学适体传感器的构建仅涉及制备金沉积聚（3,4乙烯二氧噻吩）（Au/PEDOT）修饰电极，然后在肽和适体探针中与Au/Au/PEDOT进行一步共孵育。 PEDOT 电极。以甲胎蛋白 (AFP) 的典型生物标志物进行检测，这种优雅的防污适体检测器对探测目标 AFP 表现出良好的响应，检测限低至 0.27 pg/mL，线性范围广，为 1.0 pg/mL 至 1.0 μg /mL，并可用于人血清样本中 AFP 的检测，具有令人满意的准确性和可行性。 U-Pep的这种具有持久防污功效的工程策略为适用于复杂双流体检测的高性能防污生物传感器开辟了新的视野，也可以为其他特色防污生物材料的后续探索激发更多灵感。