This work pacts with a simple and environmentally friendly hydrothermal method to synthesize clove buds-derived carbon dots (CCDs) at different temperatures. Five CCDs samples were synthesized at different reaction temperatures ranging from 120 °C to 200 °C, respectively. Using UV–Visible (UV–Vis) and fluorescence spectroscopy (FL), the optical characteristics of CCDs made at various temperatures were examined and compared. The results show that the optical properties of prepared carbon dots (CDs) are significantly influenced by the temperature of carbonization. The cytocompatibility and hemolysis studies of optimized CCDs were performed to understand their interaction in the biological environment. The free radical scavenging capability of CDs was also explored. Further, in vitro cellular imaging of optimized CCDs was performed which shows strong and multicolour emission when excited with different laser sources. Interestingly, CDs are capable of brightening up RNA-rich nucleoli. Testing using ribonuclease digestion validates the localization of the CCDs in the nucleolus. Further, intracellular stability and good counterstaining compatibility feature them as a promising fluorescence probe for nucleolus imaging. Therefore, we have explored medicinal plant fruits as a carbon precursor for the synthesis of CDs without using any modifier which can be a potential candidate for multicolour nucleolus imaging and free radical scavenging applications.

中文翻译：

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反应温度对丁香芽衍生碳点靶向核仁光学性质的影响


这项工作采用简单且环保的水热方法在不同温度下合成丁香花蕾衍生的碳点（CCD）。五个 CCD 样品分别在 120 °C 至 200 °C 的不同反应温度下合成。使用紫外可见光 (UV-Vis) 和荧光光谱 (FL)，检查并比较了在不同温度下制造的 CCD 的光学特性。结果表明，所制备的碳点（CD）的光学性能受碳化温度的显着影响。对优化的 CCD 进行细胞相容性和溶血研究，以了解它们在生物环境中的相互作用。还探讨了 CD 的自由基清除能力。此外，对优化的 CCD 进行了体外细胞成像，当用不同的激光源激发时，其显示出强烈的多色发射。有趣的是，CD 能够使富含 RNA 的核仁变亮。使用核糖核酸酶消化进行的测试验证了 CCD 在核仁中的定位。此外，细胞内稳定性和良好的复染兼容性使它们成为有前途的核仁成像荧光探针。因此，我们探索了药用植物果实作为碳前体合成环糊精的碳前体，而不使用任何修饰剂，这可以成为多色核仁成像和自由基清除应用的潜在候选者。