Additive and subtractive hybrid manufacturing (ASHM) refers to the hybrid manufacturing process where in-situ subtractive machining (SM) is introduced during additive manufacturing (AM). Its process characteristics dictate the necessity of planning multi-layer cutting paths in ASHM. Currently, the slice-based planning method cannot plan multi-axis cutting paths, and the machining accuracy is difficult to directly control. Meanwhile, the manual layering planning method is inefficient when dealing with complex models. Consequently, this paper presents an innovative automatic planning method for multi-layer, multi-axis, interference-free cutting paths with controllable precision in ASHM of composite enclosed cavity parts. To enhance the ASHM efficiency, criteria for the recognition of hybrid machining features (HMFs) have been defined to identify HMFs within the model. The identification of interference planes during cavity conversion has been achieved, and these interference planes are then utilized as the conversion planes for the ASHM process. Furthermore, a boundary-guided method is employed to automatically plan the overall cutting path for HMFs. According to the G-code standard, the overall cutting paths are then output to the corresponding cutting path file within the height interval of the conversion planes. Through practical machining, it has been demonstrated that the proposed method can significantly enhance the efficiency and automation of the data preparation process in ASHM, while also improving the surface quality and dimensional accuracy of the AM part.

中文翻译：

---

增材减材混合制造复合材料封闭腔多层切割路径规划


增材减材混合制造（ASHM）是指在增材制造（AM）过程中引入原位减材加工（SM）的混合制造工艺。其工艺特点决定了在 ASHM 中规划多层切割路径的必要性。目前，基于切片的规划方法无法规划多轴切削路径，且加工精度难以直接控制。同时，手动分层规划方法在处理复杂模型时效率低下。因此，本文提出了一种创新的复合材料封闭型腔零件 ASHM 中多层、多轴、无干扰、精度可控的切削路径自动规划方法。为了提高 ASHM 效率，定义了混合加工特征 (HMF) 识别标准，以识别模型中的 HMF。实现了腔体转换过程中干涉面的识别，并将这些干涉面作为ASHM工艺的转换面。此外，采用边界引导方法自动规划 HMF 的整体切割路径。根据G代码标准，在转换平面的高度区间内，将整体切割路径输出到相应的切割路径文件中。通过实际加工，表明该方法可以显着提高ASHM中数据准备过程的效率和自动化，同时还可以提高增材制造零件的表面质量和尺寸精度。