In contemporary manufacturing, the processing of structural materials plays a pivotal role in enabling the creation of robust, tailor-made, and precise components suitable for diverse industrial applications. Nonetheless, current material forming technologies face challenges due to internal stress and defects, resulting in a substantial decline in both mechanical properties and processing precision. We herein develop a processing strategy toward graphene superstructure with a curvature gradient, which allows us to fabricate robust structural materials with meticulously designed functional shapes. The structure consists of an arc-shaped assembly of graphene nanosheets positioned at co-axial curvature centers. During the dehydration-based evaporate-casting process, the assembly is tightened via capillary effect, inducing local bending. By precisely tuning the axis-center distance and tilt angle, we achieve accurate control over the shape of obtained structure. Notably, internal stress is harnessed to reinforce a designed mortise and tenon structure, resulting in a high joining strength of up to ~200 MPa. This innovative approach addresses the challenges faced by current material forming technologies and opens up more possibilities for the manufacturing of robust and precisely shaped components.

在当代制造业中，结构材料的加工在创造适合各种工业应用的坚固、定制和精确的组件方面发挥着关键作用。然而，当前的材料成型技术由于内应力和缺陷而面临挑战，导致机械性能和加工精度大幅下降。我们在此开发了一种具有曲率梯度的石墨烯超结构的加工策略，这使我们能够制造具有精心设计的功能形状的坚固结构材料。该结构由位于同轴曲率中心的石墨烯纳米片的弧形组件组成。在基于脱水的蒸发铸造过程中，组件通过毛细管效应收紧，从而引起局部弯曲。通过精确调整轴心距和倾斜角度，我们实现了对所获得结构形状的精确控制。值得注意的是，利用内应力来加固设计的榫卯结构，从而实现高达约 200 MPa 的高连接强度。这种创新方法解决了当前材料成型技术面临的挑战，并为制造坚固且形状精确的部件开辟了更多可能性。