The city of Zamora is situated in a tectonic basin and, according to previous interferometric studies, has been experiencing sinking up to 13 cm/yr (2007-2011). Although the reported subsidence pattern (WNW-ESE) is similar to the orientation of the regional fault system, there is a lack of detailed studies to establish the connection between this phenomenon, the thickness of sediments, and the basement geometry. Therefore, this paper presents a 3D deformation velocity field analysis for the period of 2014–2021, using 130 images from the Sentinel-2 satellite to calculate the vertical and east-west components of the subsidence. Likewise, a campaign of 28 Transient Electromagnetic soundings was carried out around the city to determine the thickness of sediments and bedrock geometry. The results of the interferometric analysis reveal a WNW-ESE sinking pattern with the maximum vertical velocities observed near the Zamora Museum, amounting to 108 mm/yr (2014–2017) and 102 mm/yr (2018–2021). Meanwhile, the horizontal component has a heterogeneous behavior in both periods with rates reaching up to 1 cm/year. The Transient Electromagnetic survey results show the presence of two grabens, a horst, and a series of half-grabens. The thickness of sediments varies between 94 and 314 m, with the latter corresponding to the main graben located beneath the city. The axis of this structure and the largest sediment deposits are linked to the area of maximum sinking and the spatial pattern of subsidence.

中文翻译：

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3D变形速度场分析和TEM方法检测构造对墨西哥萨莫拉地面沉降的影响


萨莫拉市位于构造盆地中，根据之前的干涉测量研究，该市每年下沉高达 13 厘米（2007-2011 年）。尽管报道的沉降模式（WNW-ESE）与区域断层系统的方向相似，但缺乏详细的研究来建立这种现象、沉积物厚度和基底几何形状之间的联系。因此，本文提出了2014-2021年期间的3D形变速度场分析，利用Sentinel-2卫星的130幅图像来计算沉降的垂直和东西向分量。同样，在城市周围开展了 28 次瞬态电磁探测活动，以确定沉积物的厚度和基岩的几何形状。干涉分析的结果揭示了 WNW-ESE 下沉模式，在萨莫拉博物馆附近观察到的最大垂直速度分别为 108 毫米/年（2014-2017 年）和 102 毫米/年（2018-2021 年）。同时，水平分量在两个时期都具有异质性，速率高达 1 厘米/年。瞬变电磁勘探结果显示存在两个地堑、一个地垒和一系列半地堑。沉积物的厚度在 94 至 314 米之间变化，后者对应于城市下方的主要地堑。该结构的轴线和最大的沉积物与最大下沉区域和沉降的空间模式相关。