Nanocomposite films were prepared from Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) polymers and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) using the casting technique. The resulting PVA/CMC/MWCNTs nanocomposite films have been incorporated with various concentrations of the Zn0.9Ni0.1S nanoparticles. The γ-ray radiation shielding capabilities of the films were discussed in details for various gamma sources using the Phy-X/PSD software in the energy range (0.015–15 MeV). The linear (LAC) and mass (MAC) attenuation parameters, the half-value layer (HVL), the tenth value layer (TVL), the effective atomic number (Zeff) were determined. The γ-ray buildup factors, were also determined for different penetration depths in the range (0.5–40 MFP). Results showed that, the shielding parameters are greatly affected by the density of the samples and the PVA/CMC/MWCNTs samples have the highest shielding ability in the energy region ranges (0.015–0.2 MeV) and (5–15 Mev). The structural and chemical characteristics of the films and the nanoparticles were examined using X-ray diffraction technique. The films elemental composition and morphology were discussed using energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) techniques, respectively. The linear and nonlinear optical properties, including the extinction coefficient (K), the energy gap (Eg), the refractive index (n), the dielectric parameters, nonlinear susceptibilities(χ(1), χ(3)) and nonlinear refractive index (n2), were discussed by UV–Vis spectroscopy's absorbance and transmittance spectra. A reduction in Eg values from 4.55 eV to 4.5 eV and 4.41 eV for films doped with 1 wt% and 3 wt% of Zn0.9Ni0.1S. The uniform distribution of the added nanoparticles at 5 wt% has been confirmed. The energy dispersion parameters confirmed a higher probability of electronic transitions at low energy due to the intermolecular modifications.

中文翻译：

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掺杂Zn0.9Ni0.1S纳米粒子的PVA/CMC/MWCNTs纳米复合薄膜的综合γ射线辐射屏蔽性能表征


采用铸造技术由羧甲基纤维素（CMC）、聚乙烯醇（PVA）聚合物和多壁碳纳米管（MWCNT）制备纳米复合材料薄膜。所得 PVA/CMC/MWCNT 纳米复合薄膜中掺入了不同浓度的 Zn0.9Ni0.1S 纳米颗粒。使用 Phy-X/PSD 软件在能量范围 (0.015–15 MeV) 内详细讨论了薄膜对各种伽马源的 γ 射线辐射屏蔽能力。确定了线性（LAC）和质量（MAC）衰减参数、半值层（HVL）、第十值层（TVL）、有效原子序数（Zeff）。还确定了范围内不同穿透深度（0.5-40 MFP）的 γ 射线累积因子。结果表明，屏蔽参数受样品密度影响较大，PVA/CMC/MWCNTs样品在能量范围（0.015~0.2 MeV）和（5~15 Mev）内具有最高的屏蔽能力。使用 X 射线衍射技术检查了薄膜和纳米颗粒的结构和化学特性。分别使用能量色散 X 射线光谱 (EDX) 和扫描电子显微镜 (SEM) 技术讨论了薄膜的元素组成和形态。线性和非线性光学特性，包括消光系数(K)、能隙(Eg)、折射率(n)、介电参数、非线性磁化率(χ(1)、χ(3))和非线性折射率(n2)，通过紫外-可见光谱的吸收和透射光谱进行了讨论。对于掺杂有 1 wt% 和 3 wt% Zn0.9Ni0.1S 的薄膜，Eg 值从 4.55 eV 降低至 4.5 eV 和 4.41 eV。已证实添加的纳米颗粒以 5 wt% 均匀分布。 能量色散参数证实由于分子间修饰，低能量下电子跃迁的概率更高。