Despite advances in surgery, radiotherapy and immunotherapy, the mortality rate for gastric cancer remains one of the highest in the world. A large body of evidence has demonstrated that cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), as core members of the stroma, can secrete cytokines, proteins and exosomes to create a tumour microenvironment that is conducive to cancer cell survival. CAFs can also interact with cancer cells to form a complex signalling network, enabling cancer cells to more easily metastasise to other organs and tissues in the body and develop metastatic foci. In this review, we provide an overview of the CAFs concept and activators. We focus on elucidating their effects on immune cells, intratumoural vasculature, extracellular matrix, as well as cancer cell activity, metastatic power and metabolism, and on enhancing the metastatic ability of cancer cells through activation of JAK/STAT, NF/κB and CXCL12/CXCR4. Various therapeutic agents targeting CAFs are also under development and are expected to improve the prognosis of gastric cancer in combination with existing treatment options.

中文翻译：

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癌症相关成纤维细胞促进胃癌的增殖、血管生成、转移和免疫抑制


尽管手术、放射治疗和免疫治疗取得了进步，但胃癌的死亡率仍然是世界上最高的癌症之一。大量证据表明，癌症相关成纤维细胞（CAF）作为基质的核心成员，可以分泌细胞因子、蛋白质和外泌体，创造有利于癌细胞生存的肿瘤微环境。 CAF还可以与癌细胞相互作用，形成复杂的信号网络，使癌细胞更容易转移到体内其他器官和组织并形成转移灶。在这篇综述中，我们概述了 CAF 的概念和激活器。我们重点阐明它们对免疫细胞、瘤内血管、细胞外基质以及癌细胞活性、转移能力和代谢的影响，并通过激活JAK/STAT、NF/κB和CXCL12/来增强癌细胞的转移能力。 CXCR4。各种针对 CAF 的治疗药物也在开发中，与现有的治疗方案相结合，有望改善胃癌的预后。